54 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
bilalgursen
30b55f887f chore: update binary assets and database file
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Updated the app database and several binary assets including the apple icon, favicon, and additional icons. These changes ensure that the latest versions of the assets are in use, improving the overall appearance and functionality of the application.
2026-08-09 06:44:41 +03:00
bilalgursen
15e2c4c961 feat: implement chat history deletion functionality
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Added a new DELETE endpoint to allow users to clear their chat history. This functionality ensures that while the chat messages are removed, any credits spent remain intact. Additionally, updated the ListemGovde component to reflect changes in user preferences and integrated a modal for notifying users about preference changes. Enhanced the SohbetClient component to include a button for clearing chat history, improving user experience and interface clarity.
2026-08-09 04:44:19 +03:00
bilalgursen
8870845fa1 refactor: remove TercihDegistiUyarisi component
Deleted the TercihDegistiUyarisi component from the project. This component was responsible for notifying users about changes in their preferences and suggesting a list update. The removal is part of a broader effort to streamline the codebase and improve maintainability.
2026-08-09 04:44:13 +03:00
bilalgursen
437e2bc96a fix: update callback handling and user profile management in list components
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Enhanced the handling of user profiles and callback URLs in various components. Updated the `GirisKarti` to support multiple callback scenarios, ensuring seamless user experience. Improved the `ListeUretici` and `ListemIcerik` components to manage profile data more effectively, including handling cases where the profile is stored in cookies. Additionally, refined the logic for redirecting users based on their profile status, ensuring they are directed to the appropriate pages without losing context. Updated the database file to reflect these changes.
2026-08-09 04:15:53 +03:00
bilalgursen
696dc69763 refactor: optimize AramaFunnelKarti styles and enhance city data structure
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Removed unnecessary elements and optimized styles in the AramaFunnelKarti component for improved layout. Updated the city data structure in harita-ulkeler.ts to include coordinates, enhancing geographical data handling. Additionally, refactored risk color definitions in risk.ts for better clarity and maintainability.
2026-08-09 03:55:56 +03:00
bilalgursen
f752d27101 feat: add pill variant to Tabs component and enhance ProgramTablosu with motion effects
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Introduced a new "pill" variant for the Tabs component, allowing for a rounded, active tab style that aligns with the design of the "Giriş yap" button. Enhanced the ProgramTablosu component by integrating motion effects for active tab indicators, improving user experience with smooth transitions. Updated color handling for active states to ensure better visibility and consistency across the UI.
2026-08-09 03:39:10 +03:00
bilalgursen
ce6871d623 refactor: güncellenmiş profil çerezi ile sonuç sayfası yönlendirmeleri
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Profil çerezinin SSR'da kullanılmasını sağlayarak, sonuç sayfasındaki yönlendirmeleri güncelledik. Artık profil bilgileri URL parametreleri yerine çerezden alınarak işleniyor. Ayrıca, profil çerezi olmayan kullanıcılar için yönlendirme mantığı iyileştirildi. Çeşitli bileşenlerdeki URL oluşturma fonksiyonları güncellenerek, profil bilgileri çerezden okunacak şekilde düzenlendi. Bu değişiklikler, kullanıcı deneyimini artırmayı ve daha tutarlı bir veri akışı sağlamayı hedefliyor.
2026-08-09 03:31:42 +03:00
bilalgursen
3a8c049092 data: tadımlık havuzu tip boyutuyla yeniden üretildi (514 satır)
pnpm tadimlik koşuları: 166 devlet + 174 vakıf varyantı üretildi, 213
"genel" satır da yeni kategori eşlemesi + unitur backfill'li veriyle ve
gerçek LLM metniyle yenilendi (öncekiler dev mock kalıntısıydı). Yeni
eşlemede havuzu boş çıkan 39 bayat mock satır silindi — satırı olmayan
kombinasyonda tadımlık bileşeni gizlenir, yanlış/mock içerik gösterilmez.
Tip sızıntısı 0: vakıf satırlarının tamamı DEVLET-dışı, devlet satırları
DEVLET programı içeriyor.

Not: prod app.db volume'de — aynı üretim prod'a karşı ayrıca koşulmalı.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:48:47 +03:00
bilalgursen
24f53ddbce chore: update memory limits in Dockerfile and next.config.ts
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- Reduced NODE_OPTIONS max-old-space-size from 1536 to 1024 MB in Dockerfile.
- Adjusted turbopackMemoryLimit in next.config.ts from 1.5 GB to 1 GB to prevent OOM-kills during build on VPS with limited memory.
- Added a search input for filtering Turkish provinces in the SihirbazAdimlar component, improving user experience with real-time search functionality.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:33:13 +03:00
bilalgursen
e0ff9dec0a refactor: /sonuc tablosundaki "Filtreler:" çip alanını kaldır
Filtreleme davranışı (URL'deki il+tip paramlarının tabloya ve
sayfalamaya uygulanması) aynen korunur; yalnızca tablo üstündeki
kaldırılabilir çip satırı gösterilmez.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:26:10 +03:00
bilalgursen
14f9b622b0 feat: tadımlık havuzuna üniversite tipi boyutu
Tadımlık satırı batch üretildiği için sihirbazdaki devlet/vakıf seçimini
bilmiyor, vakıf seçen kullanıcıya devlet örneği gösteriyordu. Havuz
anahtarı kova×tür×kategori×tip'e genişledi (migration 0001; mevcut
satırlar tip='genel'). Üretim scripti tip varyantlarını uniturGrubu
filtresiyle seçer; tadimlikSec tip verildiğinde kategori→genel fallback'i
korur ama tip fallback'i YAPMAZ — uygun satır yoksa bileşen gizlenir,
yanlış tipte örnek asla gösterilmez. Client profildeki tipi de gönderir ve
SSR "genel" satırı tipe uymuyorsa fetch bitene kadar gizler.

Not: prod app.db volume'de — `pnpm tadimlik` prod DB'ye karşı ayrıca
koşulmalı.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:12:25 +03:00
bilalgursen
0c6c9da56c feat: /sonuc ham tablosuna sihirbaz il + devlet/vakıf filtresi
Vakıf seçen kullanıcı sonuç tablosunda devlet üniversiteleri görüyordu:
tablo sihirbaz seçimlerini hiç kullanmıyordu. sonucHref artık profildeki
seçimlerden il (tekrarlı) ve tip paramlarını URL'e yazar; tablo SSR'da bu
paramlarla filtrelenir, "daha fazla göster" sayfalaması aynı filtreleri
taşır. Sekmelerin üstünde kaldırılabilir filtre çipleri görünür — çip
kaldırmak yalnızca URL'i günceller, localStorage profiline dokunmaz.

Kategori tabloya bilinçli uygulanmaz (DB'de kategori kolonu yok, JS
filtresi offset/toplam semantiğini bozar); kategori AI listesi ve
tadımlıkta uygulanır.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:12:08 +03:00
bilalgursen
33a260017a data: yokatlas.db unitur backfill (NULL=0)
scripts/unitur-onar.ts koşusu: 2 kurum adı normalize edildi, 849 satır
üniversiteden kopya, 1.142 satır KKTC ili kuralı, 90 satır manuel eşleme,
47 satırda il dolduruldu. Dağılım: DEVLET 12.750 / VAKIF 9.303 / KKTC 1.229
/ VAKIF MYO 261 / YURTDISI 67 — NULL kalmadı, WAL checkpoint alındı.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:11:54 +03:00
bilalgursen
1e810e1782 feat: unitur NULL backfill scripti + refresh ingest onarımı
YÖK Atlas API'sinin universiteTuru döndürmediği ~2.081 satır (Nişantaşı,
Beykent gibi vakıflar + KKTC kampüsleri) devlet/vakıf filtrelerinden ve
sihirbaz sayaçlarından sessizce düşüyordu. unitur-onar üç aşamada doldurur:
aynı üniversitenin dolu satırından kopya → KKTC ili kuralı → manuel eşleme
(Cerrahpaşa, MSB/İçişleri SBÜ, Alanya, Manas, Yesevi, Az. Pedagoji).

"ÜNİVERSİTESİ- CERRAHPAŞA" tarzı tire etrafı boşluklu duplikat adlar da
normalize edilir; refresh.ts hem insert yolunda adı normalize eder hem her
tazeleme sonunda onarımı idempotent olarak koşar.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:11:53 +03:00
bilalgursen
34c8f90e26 feat: alan eşlemesine fakülte sinyali + il adımında tüm iller
Sihirbazın alan çipleri artık YÖK Atlas'ın kendi verisiyle süzülüyor:
kategoriBul program adı kurallarını fakülte kurallarıyla kesiştiriyor
(Siber Güvenlik Müh. artık Hukuk değil, Siyaset Bilimi artık Fen değil).
Aşırı geniş isim regexleri sıkılaştırıldı (bilim/güvenlik/programcı/çevre
+ gastronomi'nin içindeki "astronomi" tuzağı) — sayısalda Hukuk & Siyasal,
sözelde Mühendislik çipi tamamen kalktı.

İl adımındaki .slice(0,15) kırpması kaldırıldı: penceresinde programı olan
TÜM iller listelenir; KKTC/yurtdışı kampüsler ayrı çip grubunda. Haritanın
15-limit yüzünden yanlış "program yok" grilemesi kendiliğinden düzeldi.

Öncelik çiplerine şeffaflık notu eklendi (listeyi daraltmaz, AI'ya yön
verir). /meraklisina şeması ve anlatımı aynı davranışla senkronlandı.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-09 00:11:36 +03:00
bilalgursen
ea85a053c5 feat: add new skills to skills-lock.json and update use-pixel-heat component
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- Added new skills: find-skills, frontend-ui-engineering, and vercel-react-best-practices to skills-lock.json.
- Updated use-pixel-heat.ts to import both animate and AnimationPlaybackControls from motion for improved animation handling.
2026-08-08 16:08:54 +03:00
bilalgursen
78d7c51a7a perf: deterministik dekor memo'ları ve küçük render süpürmeleri (Faz 7)
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- pixel-decor: PixelField/PixelDivider piksel üretimi useMemo([seed]) —
  504 iterasyon + ~150 element çekmece reorder'ının her karesinde
  yeniden üretiliyordu
- rapor-listesi: acikSira effect'i önceki-prop desenine döndü (çift render
  ve eslint-disable kalktı), Set lazy init, tekIl useMemo
- program-tablosu: 3 dilimin spread'i useMemo
- typing-animation: displayedText state yerine türetme; kaynak reset'i
  render sırasında — tick başına state yazımı ve effect bağımlılığı azaldı
- site-top-banner: saniyelik geri sayım tiki startTransition'da
- program-liste-verileri: sparkline 6 dizi geçişi tek döngüde
- secimlerim-paneli: SecimSatiri profili prop'tan alır + memo (24 ayrı
  store aboneliği kalktı)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 14:29:14 +03:00
bilalgursen
f3d8bf9b94 perf: harita/tablo re-render'ları + content-visibility (Faz 6)
- tercih-haritasi: viewBox animasyonu transient — kare başına setState
  (380ms × ~23 render × 81 path) yerine svg.setAttribute; il path ref
  callback'leri key başına stabil; il özetleri/şerit/pin grupları useMemo;
  reduce×3+baskinRisk tek geçiş; çift lookup ve çift uniLogoYoluFromAd kalktı
- liste-store: O(1) idSet + useListedeMi/useListeDoluMu primitive selector'ları;
  program-ekle-butonu artık tüm listeye abone değil — 50 satırlık tabloda
  mutasyon başına 50 yerine yalnız değişen buton render olur
- bolum-program-listesi: decorate-sort-undecorate yerine stable toSorted;
  sıralama/sayfalama startTransition'da
- il-secim-haritasi: normalizeIlAdi modül seviyesinde precompute (render
  başına ~1000 string normalizasyonu vardı); Map/Set/sort useMemo
- kt-cv-satir utility: uzun tablo satırlarında content-visibility:auto +
  contain-intrinsic-size (program/bolum/universite/rapor tabloları)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 14:23:05 +03:00
bilalgursen
668568b5b5 perf: istemci istek cache'i (dedup+TTL) ve profil cache (Faz 5)
- lib/istek-cache: modül seviyesi in-flight dedup + 5dk TTL cache (SWR
  bağımlılığı olmadan); caller iptali paylaşılan fetch'i düşürmez
- /api/facetler'in 5 çağrı yeri (hero, cta, kapı, sihirbaz adımları, demo)
  ve /api/katalog-ara cache'e bağlandı — sihirbazda 2↔3 adım geçişi ve
  tekrarlanan aramalar artık ağa çıkmıyor; /api/soru GET dedup-only (ttl 0)
- katalog-arama: elle yukleniyor state'i kalktı, "cevaplanmamış sorgu"
  türetmesi + startTransition; rehber puanlaması Schwartzian; ⌘K listener'ı
  useEffectEvent ile tek sefer bağlanıyor
- sihirbaz-adimlar: il sort/filter useMemo (çip başına 81 eleman kopyalanıp
  sıralanıyordu, harita dizisi referansı sabitlendi)
- sohbet-client: stream chunk güncellemeleri startTransition'da — cevap
  akarken input yazımı bloklanmıyor
- sihirbaz-profil: modül cache + event/storage geçersizlemesi (tek "+"
  tıklamasında 3 localStorage okuma + JSON.parse vardı)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 14:11:05 +03:00
bilalgursen
90ac590737 perf: sohbet markdown lazy + marked client'tan çıktı, mermaid görünürlükte (Faz 4)
- markdown.tsx: blok bölme marked.lexer yerine çit-farkındalıklı boş satır
  bölücüsü — react-markdown'ın yanında ikinci tam parser (~460 KB paket)
  client'a inmiyordu artık gerekmiyor; memoized blok yapısı aynen korunur
- markdown-lazy: react-markdown+remark zinciri (~215 KB) lazy; fallback
  aynı class'lı düz metin (stream'de flash/CLS yok), sohbet mount'unda
  preloadMarkdown ile chunk önden ısınır — /listem 1315->1133 KB eager JS
- el-cizimi-sema: mermaid importu IntersectionObserver'a bağlandı
  (rootMargin 200px); şemalar hep fold altında, ~1 MB mount'ta inmiyor

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 14:01:48 +03:00
bilalgursen
b7e10efd1d perf: TercihHaritasi dinamik + lazy sarmalayıcılara kapı/preload (Faz 3)
- tercih-haritasi-lazy: turkey-map-react il geometrisi (~197 KB) dynamic
  ssr:false + viewBox oranlı iskelet (CLS yok); /sonuc 1286->1099 KB,
  /listem 1503->1315 KB eager JS
- manuel-harita: liste boşken harita hiç render edilmez (boş haritaya
  197 KB iniyordu) — aynı oranlı placeholder alanı korur
- program tablosu section'ına hover/focus preload (niyet anında ısıtma)
- liste-cekmecesi/kaydet-banner/tercih-profili-kapisi lazy sarmalayıcıları
  kapı kazandı: koşul sağlanana dek chunk inmez; açan butonlara
  (listem-butonu, + butonu, navbar sıralama butonları) hover/focus preload
- liste-cekmecesi: kullanılmayan DrawerDescription importu temizlendi

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 13:57:48 +03:00
bilalgursen
026debdc06 perf: analytics stratejisi, radix tree-shaking, DevPanel, motion/mini (Faz 2)
- Rybbit Script beforeInteractive -> afterInteractive: analitik artık
  hydration'dan önce kritik yolda çalışmıyor (yalnızca preload hint'i kalıyor)
- next.config: experimental.optimizePackageImports ["radix-ui"] — 36 alt
  paketli kök barrel modül grafiğini şişiriyordu (VPS build OOM geçmişi)
- DevPanel: dev-panel-mount.tsx ile prod'da import() erişilemez dalda;
  dev kodu + dev action proxy'leri prod chunk'lardan çıktı (rota başına ~21 KB)
- motion/mini: use-pixel-heat + sihirbaz-cagri-karti yalnızca duration/ease
  kullanıyor; WAAPI tabanlı mini animate tam motoru bundle'dan çıkarır

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 13:51:44 +03:00
bilalgursen
53edb2b307 perf: sunucu waterfall'ları ve blocking analitik düzeltildi (Faz 1)
Vercel React Best Practices denetimi, sunucu tarafı:
- odeme: analitik olayı after() ile yanıt sonrasına alındı; ucuz ürün
  doğrulaması oturum turundan öne çekildi; sonuç kartında oturum+sipariş
  paralel okunuyor
- /api/soru POST: gövde+oturum ve 3 bağımsız sorgu Promise.all'a bağlandı
- rehber: prod'da globalThis cache + özetler için frontmatter fast-path
  (24 dosya okuma + marked.parse her render'da tekrarlanıyordu); arama
  kutusuna giden payload RehberAramaKaydi'ya kırpıldı (tarih serileşmiyor)
- /sonuc hattı: ProgramListeSatiri (fakulte/puan2025 client'a serileşmiyor)
- katalog: universite/bolum listelerinde O(n²) filtreler tek geçişe indi
- sira-gerekli + katalog-arama: effect'te setState kalktı (lint yeşil)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 13:48:27 +03:00
bilalgursen
d2732828cc refactor: odeme feature'ı + son süpürme — geçiş tamamlandı (Faz 10)
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- paket/actions.ts → odeme-actions.ts; satin-al-form + rapor-yok-cta
  features/odeme/components/ altına; odeme-queries.ts (siparisGetir)
- Yeni async OdemeSonucKarti: verifySession + sahiplik kontrolü + self-healing
  odemeyiSonuclandir çağrısı akıştaki yerinde (artık Suspense altındaki feature
  bileşeninde, aynı render semantiği); başarı/hata kartları içeride
- Yeni async PaketSatinAl: paket + top-up kartları, getCurrentUser okuması
  içeride; statik hero/dipnot sayfada kaldı
- İki sayfa senkron searchParams.then(); paket hata uyarısı sayfada çözülmüş
  JSX (hata yokken hiçbir şey çizilmediği için fallback bilerek null);
  paket/loading.tsx + odeme/sonuc/loading.tsx silindi
- Süpürme doğrulandı: app/ altında route-dışı bileşen dosyası kalmadı; eski
  yol grep'leri sıfır; 7 *-queries server-only, 3 *-actions 'use server';
  async sayfa sıfır; /api/odeme/callback el değmedi
- Davranış değişikliği yok

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:46:23 +03:00
bilalgursen
22e2fde058 refactor: /sonuc senkron kompozisyona geçti (Faz 9)
- liste-queries.ts (siraylaProgramAra) ve sihirbaz-queries.ts
  (getSihirbazFacetleri) eklendi — /sonuc'un SQLite okumaları feature
  sorgularına indi
- Yeni sunucu sarmalayıcıları: SonucProgramTablosu (+skeleton),
  TadimlikBolumu (girişliyse null — gruplu sınırda skeleton bilerek yok),
  SonucSihirbazi (session + rapor-varlığı + facetler içeride; client
  orkestratöre çözülmüş değerler iner)
- Sayfa senkron: searchParams.then() içinde sıra doğrulaması; geçersiz sıra
  SiraGerekli'ye düşer; geçerli akışta tablo+tadımlık+sihirbaz+dipnot+footer
  tek gruplu Suspense'te (bugünkü tek await'li akışla aynı anda belirir)
- sonuc/loading.tsx silindi; geometrisi sayfadaki fallback'te yaşıyor
- Davranış değişikliği yok (getSession React cache ile tek okuma)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:42:32 +03:00
bilalgursen
fbd184e2be refactor: rapor feature'ı — listem, yazdır, sohbet ve actions taşındı (Faz 8)
- app/sonuc/actions.ts → features/rapor/rapor-actions.ts birebir taşındı
  (kredi harcama/iade idempotency yolları bayt bayt aynı, yalnızca import
  yolları değişti); liste-uretici/revizyon-kutusu action'ı doğrudan import
  ediyor
- lib/rapor-kaydi.ts rapor-queries.ts'e emildi: kullanicininRaporu aynı tek
  okuma kapısı; listem sayfasındaki inline drizzle sorgusu sohbetGecmisiGetir
  oldu; tadimlikSec re-export'u eklendi
- listem-govde, sohbet-client, revizyon-kutusu, liste-uretici, listem-bos-cta,
  rapor-listesi, tadimlik-satiri, yazdir-butonu features/rapor/components/'a
- Yeni async ListemIcerik (verifySession + maskeleme + bosDurum dalı içeride;
  çift await searchParams kalktı) ve RaporYazdir (3 redirect + yazdırılabilir
  belge); skeleton'lar eski loading.tsx geometrileriyle aynı dosyada
- /listem ve /rapor/yazdir senkron: searchParams.then() + sayfada Suspense;
  maxDuration=300 ve metadata sayfada kaldı; iki loading.tsx silindi
- Davranış değişikliği yok; /api/soru el değmedi

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:39:33 +03:00
bilalgursen
7d2b2ddd71 refactor: liste feature'ı — manuel-liste toptan taşındı (Faz 7)
- src/components/manuel-liste/ → src/features/liste/: kayitli-liste-actions →
  liste-actions, store → liste-store, dogrula → liste-dogrula, giris-url →
  liste-giris-url, oturum-sinyali → liste-oturum-sinyali,
  profil-kapisi-store → hooks/use-tercih-profili; 12 tsx → components/
- program-tablosu.tsx ve tercih-haritasi.tsx da features/liste/components'a
  geldi (rapor ve katalog cross-import ediyor)
- app/layout.tsx'in 3 global mount'u (ListeCekmecesiLazy, KaydetBannerLazy,
  TercihProfiliKapisiLazy) yeni feature yollarından import ediliyor
- liste-queries.ts /sonuc dönüşümüyle Faz 9'da gelecek
- Davranış değişikliği yok; store/localStorage anahtarları aynı

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:34:50 +03:00
bilalgursen
792e8c7346 refactor: sihirbaz feature'ı — lib/sihirbaz bölündü, bileşenler taşındı (Faz 6)
- lib/sihirbaz.ts ikiye ayrıldı: sihirbaz-sabitler.ts (şema + doğrulayıcılar +
  event/storage sabitleri + sonucHref/secimOzeti, izomorfik) ve
  sihirbaz-profil.ts (localStorage oku/yaz/sil); 25 tüketicinin importu
  sembol bazında bölünerek güncellendi, localStorage anahtar/event değerleri
  birebir aynı
- sihirbaz-adimlar(+lazy), hero-form, cta-sira-form, il-secim-haritasi ve
  /sonuc'un sihirbaz-modal/sihirbaz-cagri-karti/sira-gerekli bileşenleri
  features/sihirbaz/components/ altına taşındı
- sihirbaz-queries.ts ve async SihirbazBolumu sarmalayıcısı /sonuc sayfa
  dönüşümüyle birlikte Faz 9'da gelecek (o zamana dek ölü kod olurlardı)
- Davranış değişikliği yok

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:31:32 +03:00
bilalgursen
baebc1fc80 refactor: pazarlama feature'ı — landing + meraklısına taşındı (Faz 5)
- landing/{sosyal-kanit,sosyal-kanit-govde,reveal} + hero-baslik +
  hero-focus-button + turkey-pixel-map features/pazarlama/components/ altına
- app/page.tsx'teki inline ComparisonCell landing-parcalari.tsx'e çıkarıldı
- /meraklisina içeriği MeraklisinaIcerik'e (okumayı pazarlama-queries'in
  meraklisinaDemoVerisi'nden alıyor); sayfa senkron + Suspense; demo.tsx →
  meraklisina-demo.tsx, huni-semasi.tsx feature'a taşındı
- AGENTS.md'deki huni-semasi ve anlatım metni yol referansları aynı commit'te
  güncellendi; SEMA içeriği değişmedi
- Davranış değişikliği yok

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:27:53 +03:00
bilalgursen
8b5aa8c8a6 refactor: kullanici feature'ı — giriş kartları feature bileşenlerine çıktı (Faz 4)
- giris-form, giris-baslik, user-nav, sign-out-button
  features/kullanici/components/ altına taşındı
- /giris'in session+redirect+callback temizliği GirisKarti'ya (async),
  /giris/dogrula'nın inline doğrulama formu + guvenliYol kalkanı
  DogrulaKarti'ya çıkarıldı; skeleton'lar aynı dosyada
- İki sayfa senkron: searchParams.then() + sayfada Suspense;
  app/giris/loading.tsx silindi (geometrisi GirisKartiSkeleton'da yaşıyor)
- site-header'ın UserNav importu güncellendi; mevcut Suspense sınırı yerinde
- Davranış değişikliği yok

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:22:31 +03:00
bilalgursen
e3cf141f55 refactor: rehber feature'ı — makale ve liste feature bileşenlerine çıktı (Faz 3)
- rehber-kapak + el-cizimi-sema features/rehber/components/ altına taşındı
  (el-cizimi-sema'nın göreli font yolu yeni konuma göre düzeltildi)
- /rehber'in kart gridi RehberListesi'ne, /rehber/[slug]'ın makale gövdesi
  (JsonLd + içerik + ilgili yazılar + notFound) RehberMakale'ye çıkarıldı;
  metadata/staticParams yardımcıları bileşen dosyasından export ediliyor
- İki sayfa senkron: params.then() + sayfada Suspense, skeleton'lar colocated
- rehber-queries.ts (server-only) lib/rehber'in feature kapısı
- Davranış değişikliği yok; içerik build-time statik

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:18:22 +03:00
bilalgursen
8d26e375ff refactor: katalog feature'ı — sayfalar senkron kompozisyona geçti (Faz 2)
- 8 katalog bileşeni src/features/katalog/components/ altına taşındı;
  katalog-queries.ts (server-only) lib/katalog'un feature kapısı oldu
- /bolumler ve /universiteler'in sayfa içi fetch+inline bileşenleri
  BolumKatalogu/UniversiteKatalogu feature bileşenlerine çıkarıldı
- 6 sayfa async'ten senkron'a: params.then() + sayfada Suspense,
  skeleton'lar feature bileşeninin yanında (BolumIcerikSkeleton vb.)
- generateStaticParams artık *-queries yerine bileşen dosyasının
  helper'larını kullanıyor (bolumStaticSlugs, uniSayfaStaticParams)
- Davranış değişikliği yok; route durumları aynı (◐), 1917 statik sayfa

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:14:00 +03:00
bilalgursen
820eea7eca refactor: ortak tipler @/types/yokatlas + features/rapor/types'a çıkarıldı, server-only korumaları eklendi (Faz 1)
- Program/PUAN_TURLERI/DilimKey/RankResults/UniturGrubu/ProgramNetSatiri/
  SihirbazFacetleri artık src/types/yokatlas.ts'te; lib/db.ts yalnızca sorgu
  fonksiyonları barındırıyor
- RaporSonuc/RaporKapsam/RaporParams/MaskeliRapor src/features/rapor/types/
  rapor.ts'e taşındı; ölü kalan TercihSchema/RaporSchema silindi
- 11 lib dosyasına import "server-only" eklendi; scripts'in düz node ile
  import ettiği dosyalara (db, appdb, rapor-havuzu, tadimlik-havuzu, ai/client,
  ai/cagri, credits) bilinçli eklenmedi
- Davranış değişikliği yok; pnpm build yeşil

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-08 01:06:06 +03:00
bilalgursen
7518baccfa fix: bayat dev-mock raporlar tek kapıdan (kullanicininRaporu) ayıklanıyor
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Dev'de API anahtarı yokken üretilen mock rapor DB'ye kaydediliyordu;
anahtar sonradan eklenince kullanıcı başına tek rapor kuralı yüzünden o
bayat mock gerçek AI çıktısıymış gibi servis edilmeye devam ediyordu.

Rapor tablosunu okuyan her yer (sonuc/listem/yazdir/odeme-sonuc sayfaları,
liste action'ları, soru API'si, dev panel) artık src/lib/rapor-kaydi.ts
içindeki kullanicininRaporu() kapısından geçiyor: gerçek AI aktifken
mock üretimi kayıt "yok" sayılır, kullanıcı gerçek listeyi yeniden üretir.
Yeni mock kayıtlar devMock işareti taşır; eskiler metin ön ekinden tanınır.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-07 12:45:56 +03:00
bilalgursen
620e41edae feat: iyzico ile Öde + kart logoları (Visa/Mastercard) footer ve paket sayfasına eklendi
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iyzico işyeri denetimi web sitesinde "iyzico ile Öde", Visa ve MasterCard
logolarının görünür olmasını istedi. Resmî iyzico logo paketindeki renkli
logo bandı (iyzico ile Öde + Mastercard + Visa + Amex + Troy) site
footer'ına ve paket sayfasındaki satın alma kartına eklendi.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-07 12:20:57 +03:00
bilalgursen
50dc415987 feat: yüksek aranma hacimli 3 yeni rehber yazısı (sonuç tarihi, tercih robotu, AİS onay)
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Tercih dönemi sorgu araştırmasına göre en çok aranan üç boşluğu dolduran
mermaid şemalı rehber yazıları: yerleştirme sonuçlarının açıklanma penceresi,
tercih robotu / YÖK Atlas kullanımı ve AİS'te tercih bildirme-onaylama akışı.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-07 12:08:29 +03:00
bilalgursen
be4b2c6000 refactor: update Dockerfile and authentication flow for improved user experience
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- Updated Dockerfile to create a cache directory for Next.js runtime, ensuring proper permissions and ownership.
- Enhanced the authentication flow by updating the magic link expiration time from 5 to 15 minutes, improving user experience and reducing login issues.
- Added user-friendly error handling for invalid or expired magic links, providing clear feedback on the login page.
- Adjusted email templates to reflect the new 15-minute validity period for magic links.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-07 02:05:14 +03:00
bilalgursen
37baeb9172 fix: drizzle/ ve db-goc.mjs'i docker build context'ine al
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.dockerignore drizzle/'ı ve scripts/* ile db-goc.mjs'i dışlıyordu;
runner katmanındaki COPY'ler 'not found' ile build'i kırıyordu.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-07 01:13:45 +03:00
bilalgursen
45775c8c3f feat: prod app.db şemasını açılışta drizzle migration'larıyla eşitle
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Volume'deki app.db yalnızca ilk kurulumda seed'den kopyalanıyordu; sonraki
deploy'larda şemaya eklenen kolonlar (son örnek: kredi_bitti_at,
kredi_hatirlatma_gonderildi_at) prod'a hiç ulaşmıyor ve 'no such column'
hatalarıyla kırılıyordu.

- drizzle-kit generate ile baseline migration üretildi (drizzle/0000_baslangic)
- scripts/db-goc.mjs: entrypoint'te server'dan önce koşan migration runner;
  drizzle migrator protokolünü birebir taklit eder (__drizzle_migrations,
  sha256, created_at=journal.when) ama yalnızca @libsql/client'a dayanır —
  drizzle-orm standalone imajda bundle'landığından paket olarak çözülemiyor
- Benimseme: migration kaydı olmayan mevcut volume'lerde baseline additive
  uzlaştırılır (IF NOT EXISTS + snapshot'tan eksik kolon ALTER'ları) ve
  damgalanır; sonraki migration'lar normal akışla uygulanır
- sema-guvence.ts kaldırıldı: elle DDL aynalama yerini migration'lara bıraktı
- Yeni akış: şema değişikliğinde pnpm db:generate ile migration commit'lenir

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-07 01:05:42 +03:00
bilalgursen
18d5b42136 AI katmanını OpenRouter tek kapısına geçir ve rapor üretimini hızlandır
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- Tüm AI akışı OpenRouter üzerinden (openai SDK, varsayılan model
  deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash, OPENROUTER_MODEL ile değiştirilebilir);
  Anthropic/Gemini/lokal sağlayıcı seçimi ve SDK'ları kaldırıldı.
- Rapor: aday havuzu dilim başına 20 (60 program, ~8k token prompt);
  AI şeması sabit uzunluklu üç liste (hayal 5 / dengeli 13 / garanti 6 —
  dağılım şema düzeyinde zorlanır), sıra + dilim + riskNotu + trendOzeti
  gerçek sıra geçmişinden deterministik üretilir; 184 sn → ~12 sn.
- Sohbet: akış ortası zaman aşımı artık sessizce yutulmaz (kesik cevap
  tam cevap gibi kaydedilmiyordu, kredi iadesi çalışmıyordu); istemci
  hata anında durumu sunucudan senkronlar, boş balon bırakmaz.
- aiHataMesaji, openai SDK'nın .name'i "Error" kalan abort/timeout
  hatalarını da yakalar; meraklisina şeması yeni akışla senkronlandı.
- CI: OPENROUTER_API_KEY / OPENROUTER_MODEL secret'ları; eski AI
  secret'ları kaldırıldı. next.config serverExternalPackages sadeleşti.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-07 00:37:54 +03:00
bilalgursen
4c618781f6 Docker build'ini optimize et: OOM kökü çözümü + bellek sınırlı builder
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Prod VPS'te next build sırasında makineyi kilitleyen OOM'un çözümü:

- serverExternalPackages'a @google/genai, @anthropic-ai/sdk, resend eklendi;
  Turbopack artık genai'nin protobufjs/google-auth-library/ws zincirini
  derlemiyor (c2aba25 sonrası OOM'un tetiği buydu).
- Docker build'inde (BUILD_KAYNAK_KISITLI=1) bellek kısıtları: Turbopack 1.5G
  hedefi, statik üretim tek worker × 4 sayfa, prerender source map kapalı.
- Dockerfile: runner'a tam node_modules kopyası kaldırıldı (imaj ~1.9G→966M),
  pnpm store + .next/cache BuildKit cache mount'ları, açık COPY listesi,
  V8 heap sınırı.
- scripts/standalone-linkleri-onar.sh: Turbopack ESM external'ların kök
  node_modules symlink'ini nft trace'ine yazmıyor; eksik linkler build sonrası
  tamamlanmazsa runtime MODULE_NOT_FOUND ile düşer.
- ci.yaml: build bellek sınırlı buildx docker-container builder'da (2200m,
  max-parallelism 1; BuildKit --memory bayrağını yok sayıyor), deploy
  up -d --no-build ile ayrıldı, temizlik if: always() ile her koşuda.
- compose: app'e mem_limit 1g + oom_score_adj -600.
- Kullanılmayan simple-icons ve @react-pdf/renderer kaldırıldı; npm artığı
  package-lock.json silindi.

Doğrulama: imaj 2 CPU/2GiB VM'de sıfırdan build edildi, konteynerde ana
sayfa/universite 200 ve üç ESM external import OK.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-06 17:20:17 +03:00
bilalgursen
e62c6f07df Update package.json scripts, enhance layout with new components, and improve API error handling
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- Added new scripts for database operations and temporary production in package.json.
- Integrated KaydetBannerLazy component into the layout for improved user notifications.
- Enhanced API error handling in the soru route to mark credit exhaustion.
- Updated the IletisimPage for better button styling and user experience.
- Refactored ListemPage to streamline user flow and improve session handling.
- Removed unused ListePaneli component to clean up the codebase.
2026-08-06 02:27:42 +03:00
bilalgursen
488845ae1f Add design documentation for CTA drawer and UX improvements
- Introduced a new document detailing the design principles behind the funnel CTA drawer, emphasizing user flow and context retention.
- Added a UX/CRO corrections document outlining critical findings from a recent audit, including payment flow adjustments, button transparency, and pricing clarity.
- Created a gamification document to outline user engagement strategies and the program evaluation model for the Kolay Tercih feature.
- Developed a vision document for TercihAI, detailing the product's positioning, revenue model, and MVP scope, aimed at providing AI-assisted preference guidance for students.
2026-08-06 02:27:34 +03:00
bilalgursen
9ea006ec22 Superpowers ve prd-development plugin'lerini proje scope'una al
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-08-06 01:19:56 +03:00
bilalgursen
a5c2bcbc4d Enhance error handling and user experience in AI-related features
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- Introduced a mechanism to save partially generated responses in case of errors, ensuring users do not lose their input.
- Updated the RevizyonKutusu component to utilize a persistent request ID for retrying failed requests without double charging credits.
- Improved the Sayfalama component to support client-side pagination without changing the URL, enhancing user navigation.
- Added a timeout for AI generation requests to ensure credits are refunded in case of prolonged processing.
- Refactored various components for better clarity and responsiveness, including updates to the BolumProgramListesi and ListePaneli components.
2026-08-03 14:12:06 +03:00
bilalgursen
c2aba25814 Update dependencies, enhance AI integration, and improve email content
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- Added @google/genai dependency for enhanced AI capabilities.
- Updated CI workflow to include new environment variables for AI integration.
- Refactored AI client to support multiple providers and improved key management.
- Enhanced email templates for better user engagement and clarity.
- Updated error handling in AI-related functions to provide clearer feedback.
- Made various improvements to the application structure and code clarity.
2026-08-02 21:37:25 +03:00
bilalgursen
2278d2a218 Update app.db, enhance Home component with social proof feature, and improve error handling in auth module
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- Updated app.db to reflect recent changes.
- Added a Suspense-wrapped SosyalKanitBandi component in the Home page for improved user engagement.
- Refactored the sendMagicLinkEmail function in auth.ts to handle errors more effectively, ensuring users receive appropriate feedback on email sending issues.
- Removed the Rybbit live visitor widget from the site footer for a cleaner design.
2026-08-02 21:10:43 +03:00
bilalgursen
0b92f999bc Integrate Rybbit analytics and enhance user tracking features
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- Added Rybbit analytics configuration in .mcp.json for improved data collection.
- Updated layout.tsx to conditionally load the Rybbit analytics script in production.
- Enhanced user interaction tracking in various components, including GirisForm, RevizyonKutusu, and SatinAlForm, by logging specific events.
- Updated privacy policy page to reflect new data handling practices and added a section on service providers and data transfer.
- Improved user navigation and experience by integrating Rybbit's live visitor widget in the site footer.
2026-08-02 19:29:42 +03:00
bilalgursen
cc9686147e Add Rybbit analytics script and enhance pricing section with new features
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- Integrated Rybbit analytics script in layout.tsx for improved tracking.
- Updated pricing section in page.tsx to include detailed package features and pricing information.
- Refined button interactions and added icons for better user engagement.
- Adjusted return URL handling in odeme/sonuc/page.tsx to preserve order information.
- Enhanced satin-al-form.tsx to include visual indicators for payment redirection.
2026-08-02 18:49:17 +03:00
bilalgursen
bd613adb8a Enhance content clarity and structure across multiple guidance articles by updating descriptions and adding flowcharts for better understanding. Key changes include refining explanations in sections about scholarship programs, placement processes, and preference lists, along with the introduction of mermaid diagrams to visually represent complex information. This update aims to improve user navigation and comprehension of the educational pathways and requirements.
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2026-08-02 05:04:38 +03:00
bilalgursen
205743f3b1 Update terminology from "AI" to "Yapay Zeka" across multiple components for consistency and clarity. Adjusted button labels, error messages, and comments to reflect the new terminology, enhancing user understanding and maintaining uniformity throughout the application.
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2026-08-02 04:57:15 +03:00
bilalgursen
a8bd13ef43 Refactor KatalogArama, SiteHeader, and UserNav components for improved layout and responsiveness. Adjusted flex properties and aria-labels for better accessibility and visual clarity across screen sizes. Enhanced styling to ensure consistent presentation of elements in mobile and desktop views.
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2026-08-02 04:53:38 +03:00
bilalgursen
647a44e46a Update SiteHeader component to improve accessibility and visual clarity. Added aria-label for the logo link and adjusted text visibility for better responsiveness on mobile devices. Enhanced styling for the brand name to ensure consistent presentation across screen sizes.
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2026-08-02 04:51:18 +03:00
bilalgursen
6495369c56 Enhance KatalogArama component by adding PUAN_TURU_ETIKET for improved user feedback. Updated button aria-labels and display elements to include score type, ensuring better clarity and consistency in the UI. Adjusted styles for better responsiveness and visual alignment.
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2026-08-02 04:48:44 +03:00
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---
name: find-skills
description: Helps users discover and install agent skills when they ask questions like "how do I do X", "find a skill for X", "is there a skill that can...", or express interest in extending capabilities. This skill should be used when the user is looking for functionality that might exist as an installable skill.
---
# Find Skills
This skill helps you discover and install skills from the open agent skills ecosystem.
## When to Use This Skill
Use this skill when the user:
- Asks "how do I do X" where X might be a common task with an existing skill
- Says "find a skill for X" or "is there a skill for X"
- Asks "can you do X" where X is a specialized capability
- Expresses interest in extending agent capabilities
- Wants to search for tools, templates, or workflows
- Mentions they wish they had help with a specific domain (design, testing, deployment, etc.)
## What is the Skills CLI?
The Skills CLI (`npx skills`) is the package manager for the open agent skills ecosystem. Skills are modular packages that extend agent capabilities with specialized knowledge, workflows, and tools.
**Key commands:**
- `npx skills find [query] [--owner <owner>]` - Search for skills interactively or by keyword, optionally scoped to a GitHub owner
- `npx skills add <package>` - Install a skill from GitHub or other sources
- `npx skills update` - Update all installed skills
**Browse skills at:** https://skills.sh/
## How to Help Users Find Skills
### Step 1: Understand What They Need
When a user asks for help with something, identify:
1. The domain (e.g., React, testing, design, deployment)
2. The specific task (e.g., writing tests, creating animations, reviewing PRs)
3. Whether this is a common enough task that a skill likely exists
### Step 2: Check the Leaderboard First
Before running a CLI search, check the [skills.sh leaderboard](https://skills.sh/) to see if a well-known skill already exists for the domain. The leaderboard ranks skills by total installs, surfacing the most popular and battle-tested options.
For example, top skills for web development include:
- `vercel-labs/agent-skills` — React, Next.js, web design (100K+ installs each)
- `anthropics/skills` — Frontend design, document processing (100K+ installs)
### Step 3: Search for Skills
If the leaderboard doesn't cover the user's need, run the find command:
```bash
npx skills find [query] [--owner <owner>]
```
For example:
- User asks "how do I make my React app faster?" → `npx skills find react performance`
- User asks "can you help me with PR reviews?" → `npx skills find pr review`
- User asks "I need to create a changelog" → `npx skills find changelog`
### Step 4: Verify Quality Before Recommending
**Do not recommend a skill based solely on search results.** Always verify:
1. **Install count** — Prefer skills with 1K+ installs. Be cautious with anything under 100.
2. **Source reputation** — Official sources (`vercel-labs`, `anthropics`, `microsoft`) are more trustworthy than unknown authors.
3. **GitHub stars** — Check the source repository. A skill from a repo with <100 stars should be treated with skepticism.
### Step 5: Present Options to the User
When you find relevant skills, present them to the user with:
1. The skill name and what it does
2. The install count and source
3. The install command they can run
4. A link to learn more at skills.sh
Example response:
```
I found a skill that might help! The "react-best-practices" skill provides
React and Next.js performance optimization guidelines from Vercel Engineering.
(185K installs)
To install it:
npx skills add vercel-labs/agent-skills@react-best-practices
Learn more: https://skills.sh/vercel-labs/agent-skills/react-best-practices
```
### Step 6: Offer to Install
If the user wants to proceed, you can install the skill for them:
```bash
npx skills add <owner/repo@skill> -g -y
```
The `-g` flag installs globally (user-level) and `-y` skips confirmation prompts.
## Common Skill Categories
When searching, consider these common categories:
| Category | Example Queries |
| --------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Web Development | react, nextjs, typescript, css, tailwind |
| Testing | testing, jest, playwright, e2e |
| DevOps | deploy, docker, kubernetes, ci-cd |
| Documentation | docs, readme, changelog, api-docs |
| Code Quality | review, lint, refactor, best-practices |
| Design | ui, ux, design-system, accessibility |
| Productivity | workflow, automation, git |
## Tips for Effective Searches
1. **Use specific keywords**: "react testing" is better than just "testing"
2. **Try alternative terms**: If "deploy" doesn't work, try "deployment" or "ci-cd"
3. **Check popular sources**: Many skills come from `vercel-labs/agent-skills` or `ComposioHQ/awesome-claude-skills`
## When No Skills Are Found
If no relevant skills exist:
1. Acknowledge that no existing skill was found
2. Offer to help with the task directly using your general capabilities
3. Suggest the user could create their own skill with `npx skills init`
Example:
```
I searched for skills related to "xyz" but didn't find any matches.
I can still help you with this task directly! Would you like me to proceed?
If this is something you do often, you could create your own skill:
npx skills init my-xyz-skill
```

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---
name: frontend-ui-engineering
description: Builds production-quality, accessible, responsive user-facing UIs. Use when building or modifying interfaces and pages, creating components, implementing layouts, meeting WCAG accessibility requirements, managing state, or when the output needs to look and feel production-quality rather than AI-generated.
---
# Frontend UI Engineering
## Overview
Build production-quality user interfaces that are accessible, performant, and visually polished. The goal is UI that looks like it was built by a design-aware engineer at a top company — not like it was generated by an AI. This means real design system adherence, proper accessibility, thoughtful interaction patterns, and no generic "AI aesthetic."
## When to Use
- Building new UI components or pages
- Modifying existing user-facing interfaces
- Implementing responsive layouts
- Adding interactivity or state management
- Fixing visual or UX issues
## Component Architecture
### File Structure
Colocate everything related to a component:
```
src/components/
TaskList/
TaskList.tsx # Component implementation
TaskList.test.tsx # Tests
TaskList.stories.tsx # Storybook stories (if using)
use-task-list.ts # Custom hook (if complex state)
types.ts # Component-specific types (if needed)
```
### Component Patterns
**Prefer composition over configuration:**
```tsx
// Good: Composable
<Card>
<CardHeader>
<CardTitle>Tasks</CardTitle>
</CardHeader>
<CardBody>
<TaskList tasks={tasks} />
</CardBody>
</Card>
// Avoid: Over-configured
<Card
title="Tasks"
headerVariant="large"
bodyPadding="md"
content={<TaskList tasks={tasks} />}
/>
```
**Keep components focused:**
```tsx
// Good: Does one thing
export function TaskItem({ task, onToggle, onDelete }: TaskItemProps) {
return (
<li className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3">
<Checkbox checked={task.done} onChange={() => onToggle(task.id)} />
<span className={task.done ? 'line-through text-muted' : ''}>{task.title}</span>
<Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={() => onDelete(task.id)}>
<TrashIcon />
</Button>
</li>
);
}
```
**Separate data fetching from presentation:**
```tsx
// Container: handles data
export function TaskListContainer() {
const { tasks, isLoading, error } = useTasks();
if (isLoading) return <TaskListSkeleton />;
if (error) return <ErrorState message="Failed to load tasks" retry={refetch} />;
if (tasks.length === 0) return <EmptyState message="No tasks yet" />;
return <TaskList tasks={tasks} />;
}
// Presentation: handles rendering
export function TaskList({ tasks }: { tasks: Task[] }) {
return (
<ul role="list" className="divide-y">
{tasks.map(task => <TaskItem key={task.id} task={task} />)}
</ul>
);
}
```
## State Management
**Choose the simplest approach that works:**
```
Local state (useState) → Component-specific UI state
Lifted state → Shared between 2-3 sibling components
Context → Theme, auth, locale (read-heavy, write-rare)
URL state (searchParams) → Filters, pagination, shareable UI state
Server state (React Query, SWR) → Remote data with caching
Global store (Zustand, Redux) → Complex client state shared app-wide
```
**Avoid prop drilling deeper than 3 levels.** If you're passing props through components that don't use them, introduce context or restructure the component tree.
## Design System Adherence
### Avoid the AI Aesthetic
AI-generated UI has recognizable patterns. Avoid all of them:
| AI Default | Why It Is a Problem | Production Quality |
|---|---|---|
| Purple/indigo everything | Models default to visually "safe" palettes, making every app look identical | Use the project's actual color palette |
| Excessive gradients | Gradients add visual noise and clash with most design systems | Flat or subtle gradients matching the design system |
| Rounded everything (rounded-2xl) | Maximum rounding signals "friendly" but ignores the hierarchy of corner radii in real designs | Consistent border-radius from the design system |
| Generic hero sections | Template-driven layout with no connection to the actual content or user need | Content-first layouts |
| Lorem ipsum-style copy | Placeholder text hides layout problems that real content reveals (length, wrapping, overflow) | Realistic placeholder content |
| Oversized padding everywhere | Equal generous padding destroys visual hierarchy and wastes screen space | Consistent spacing scale |
| Stock card grids | Uniform grids are a layout shortcut that ignores information priority and scanning patterns | Purpose-driven layouts |
| Shadow-heavy design | Layered shadows add depth that competes with content and slows rendering on low-end devices | Subtle or no shadows unless the design system specifies |
### Spacing and Layout
Use a consistent spacing scale. Don't invent values:
```css
/* Use the scale: 0.25rem increments (or whatever the project uses) */
/* Good */ padding: 1rem; /* 16px */
/* Good */ gap: 0.75rem; /* 12px */
/* Bad */ padding: 13px; /* Not on any scale */
/* Bad */ margin-top: 2.3rem; /* Not on any scale */
```
### Typography
Respect the type hierarchy:
```
h1 → Page title (one per page)
h2 → Section title
h3 → Subsection title
body → Default text
small → Secondary/helper text
```
Don't skip heading levels. Don't use heading styles for non-heading content.
### Color
- Use semantic color tokens: `text-primary`, `bg-surface`, `border-default` — not raw hex values
- Ensure sufficient contrast (4.5:1 for normal text, 3:1 for large text)
- Don't rely solely on color to convey information (use icons, text, or patterns too)
## Accessibility (WCAG 2.1 AA)
Every component must meet these standards:
### Keyboard Navigation
```tsx
// Every interactive element must be keyboard accessible
<button onClick={handleClick}>Click me</button> // ✓ Focusable by default
<div onClick={handleClick}>Click me</div> // ✗ Not focusable
<div role="button" tabIndex={0} onClick={handleClick} // ✓ But prefer <button>
onKeyDown={e => {
if (e.key === 'Enter') handleClick();
if (e.key === ' ') e.preventDefault();
}}
onKeyUp={e => {
if (e.key === ' ') handleClick();
}}>
Click me
</div>
```
### ARIA Labels
```tsx
// Label interactive elements that lack visible text
<button aria-label="Close dialog"><XIcon /></button>
// Label form inputs
<label htmlFor="email">Email</label>
<input id="email" type="email" />
// Or use aria-label when no visible label exists
<input aria-label="Search tasks" type="search" />
```
### Focus Management
```tsx
// Move focus when content changes
function Dialog({ isOpen, onClose }: DialogProps) {
const closeRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
useEffect(() => {
if (isOpen) closeRef.current?.focus();
}, [isOpen]);
// Trap focus inside dialog when open
return (
<dialog open={isOpen}>
<button ref={closeRef} onClick={onClose}>Close</button>
{/* dialog content */}
</dialog>
);
}
```
### Meaningful Empty and Error States
```tsx
// Don't show blank screens
function TaskList({ tasks }: { tasks: Task[] }) {
if (tasks.length === 0) {
return (
<div role="status" className="text-center py-12">
<TasksEmptyIcon className="mx-auto h-12 w-12 text-muted" />
<h3 className="mt-2 text-sm font-medium">No tasks</h3>
<p className="mt-1 text-sm text-muted">Get started by creating a new task.</p>
<Button className="mt-4" onClick={onCreateTask}>Create Task</Button>
</div>
);
}
return <ul role="list">...</ul>;
}
```
## Responsive Design
Design for mobile first, then expand:
```tsx
// Tailwind: mobile-first responsive
<div className="
grid grid-cols-1 /* Mobile: single column */
sm:grid-cols-2 /* Small: 2 columns */
lg:grid-cols-3 /* Large: 3 columns */
gap-4
">
```
Test at these breakpoints: 320px, 768px, 1024px, 1440px.
## Loading and Transitions
```tsx
// Skeleton loading (not spinners for content)
function TaskListSkeleton() {
return (
<div className="space-y-3" aria-busy="true" aria-label="Loading tasks">
{Array.from({ length: 3 }).map((_, i) => (
<div key={i} className="h-12 bg-muted animate-pulse rounded" />
))}
</div>
);
}
// Optimistic updates for perceived speed
function useToggleTask() {
const queryClient = useQueryClient();
return useMutation({
mutationFn: toggleTask,
onMutate: async (taskId) => {
await queryClient.cancelQueries({ queryKey: ['tasks'] });
const previous = queryClient.getQueryData(['tasks']);
queryClient.setQueryData(['tasks'], (old: Task[]) =>
old.map(t => t.id === taskId ? { ...t, done: !t.done } : t)
);
return { previous };
},
onError: (_err, _taskId, context) => {
queryClient.setQueryData(['tasks'], context?.previous);
},
});
}
```
## See Also
For detailed accessibility requirements and testing tools, see `references/accessibility-checklist.md`.
## Common Rationalizations
| Rationalization | Reality |
|---|---|
| "Accessibility is a nice-to-have" | It's a legal requirement in many jurisdictions and an engineering quality standard. |
| "We'll make it responsive later" | Retrofitting responsive design is 3x harder than building it from the start. |
| "The design isn't final, so I'll skip styling" | Use the design system defaults. Unstyled UI creates a broken first impression for reviewers. |
| "This is just a prototype" | Prototypes become production code. Build the foundation right. |
| "The AI aesthetic is fine for now" | It signals low quality. Use the project's actual design system from the start. |
## Red Flags
- Components with more than 200 lines (split them)
- Inline styles or arbitrary pixel values
- Missing error states, loading states, or empty states
- No keyboard navigation testing
- Color as the sole indicator of state (red/green without text or icons)
- Generic "AI look" (purple gradients, oversized cards, stock layouts)
## Verification
After building UI:
- [ ] Component renders without console errors
- [ ] All interactive elements are keyboard accessible (Tab through the page)
- [ ] Screen reader can convey the page's content and structure
- [ ] Responsive: works at 320px, 768px, 1024px, 1440px
- [ ] Loading, error, and empty states all handled
- [ ] Follows the project's design system (spacing, colors, typography)
- [ ] No accessibility warnings in dev tools or axe-core

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# The Picker
The picker's appearance is **not a design decision** — it is this spec. Copy the markup, CSS, and wiring below verbatim; the only values that change per run are the variant names and count. It stays identical across every project so it always reads as harness chrome, never as part of the design being judged. Do not restyle it with the project's tokens, fonts, or colors.
It is a floating dark pill, bottom-center. Dark glass works on top of any page — light or dark — which is why it is not theme-aware.
## Markup
The sliding highlight span first, one button per variant, a hairline divider, then the replay button (only when at least one variant has motion to re-trigger):
```html
<nav class="proto-picker" aria-label="Prototype variants">
<span class="proto-picker-highlight" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<button class="proto-picker-item" data-active aria-current="true">Quiet</button>
<button class="proto-picker-item">Editorial</button>
<button class="proto-picker-item">Playful</button>
<span class="proto-picker-divider" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<button class="proto-picker-item proto-picker-replay" aria-label="Replay animation (R)"></button>
</nav>
```
In a framework, keep the class names and structure; only the rendering syntax changes.
## Styles
```css
.proto-picker {
position: fixed;
bottom: 24px;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
z-index: 2147483647;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 2px;
padding: 4px;
border-radius: 999px;
background: rgba(10, 10, 10, 0.82);
-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px) saturate(1.4);
backdrop-filter: blur(12px) saturate(1.4);
box-shadow:
0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) inset,
0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24),
0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 1;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
user-select: none;
-webkit-user-select: none;
}
.proto-picker-highlight {
position: absolute;
top: 4px;
left: 0;
height: 28px;
border-radius: 999px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
will-change: transform;
}
/* The slide is enabled only after first paint (data-ready), so load doesn't animate. */
.proto-picker[data-ready] .proto-picker-highlight {
transition:
transform 250ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1),
width 250ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.proto-picker[data-ready] .proto-picker-highlight { transition: none; }
}
.proto-picker-item {
position: relative; /* sits above the highlight */
display: flex;
align-items: center;
height: 28px;
padding: 0 12px;
border: 0;
border-radius: 999px;
background: transparent;
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
font: inherit;
cursor: pointer;
transition: color 150ms ease-out;
}
.proto-picker-item:hover {
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
}
.proto-picker-item:active {
transform: scale(0.97);
}
.proto-picker-item:focus-visible {
outline: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
outline-offset: 2px;
}
.proto-picker-item[data-active] {
color: #fff;
}
.proto-picker-divider {
width: 1px;
height: 16px;
margin: 0 4px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
}
.proto-picker-replay {
padding: 0 10px;
font-size: 14px;
}
.proto-picker[data-position="top"] {
bottom: auto;
top: 24px;
}
```
## Rules
- **Verbatim.** These values are the spec. No project fonts, no brand colors, no theme switching, no extra shadows or borders.
- **The highlight slides; the variant swap stays instant.** The active pill animates between buttons (250ms, strong ease-out) as spatial feedback on the picker itself — but the variant being previewed still switches with no transition. The `width` transition is a deliberate exception to the transform/opacity rule: the element is 28px tall, absolutely positioned, and has no layout dependents, so the paint cost is negligible.
- **One allowed modification:** if a variant occupies the bottom-center of the screen (a toast stack, a bottom sheet, a dock), set `data-position="top"` so the picker never covers the work. Nothing else about it may move or change.
- **Replay is conditional.** Render the replay button and its divider only when at least one variant has an entrance or state animation worth re-triggering; a static comparison gets a shorter pill.
## Behavior contract
The contract is fixed regardless of how the harness renders:
- Number keys `1N` and `←`/`→` switch variants; `R` replays. Ignore key events when focus is in an input, textarea, select, or contenteditable, or when a modifier is held.
- Clicking an item switches to it; exactly one item carries `data-active` and `aria-current="true"` at all times, and the highlight slides to it.
- Selection persists across reload via a URL param (`?v=2`), falling back to variant 1. The highlight takes its initial position without animating (`data-ready` is added after first paint).
- Switching re-mounts the variant (so entrance animations re-run); the replay key re-mounts without switching.
## Reference wiring
Verbatim for the standalone-HTML branch; in a framework, keep the same behavior but express it idiomatically (state instead of `innerHTML`, a keyed re-mount instead of `requestAnimationFrame`, refs + a layout effect for the highlight measurement).
```js
// `variants` is an array of render functions, one per variant, in picker order.
const stage = document.getElementById('stage');
const picker = document.querySelector('.proto-picker');
const highlight = picker.querySelector('.proto-picker-highlight');
const items = [...picker.querySelectorAll('.proto-picker-item:not(.proto-picker-replay)')];
const replay = picker.querySelector('.proto-picker-replay');
let current = 0;
function moveHighlight() {
const el = items[current];
highlight.style.width = el.offsetWidth + 'px';
highlight.style.transform = `translateX(${el.offsetLeft}px)`;
}
function mount(i) {
stage.innerHTML = '';
// Clear first, render next frame, so entrance animations re-run.
requestAnimationFrame(() => { stage.innerHTML = variants[i](); });
}
function setActive(i) {
if (i < 0 || i >= variants.length) return;
current = i;
items.forEach((el, j) => {
el.toggleAttribute('data-active', j === i);
if (j === i) el.setAttribute('aria-current', 'true');
else el.removeAttribute('aria-current');
});
moveHighlight();
const url = new URL(location);
url.searchParams.set('v', i + 1);
history.replaceState(null, '', url);
mount(i);
}
items.forEach((el, i) => el.addEventListener('click', () => setActive(i)));
replay?.addEventListener('click', () => mount(current));
window.addEventListener('resize', moveHighlight);
document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
if (/^(INPUT|TEXTAREA|SELECT)$/.test(e.target.tagName) || e.target.isContentEditable) return;
if (e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey || e.altKey) return;
const num = parseInt(e.key, 10);
if (num >= 1 && num <= variants.length) setActive(num - 1);
else if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') setActive((current + 1) % variants.length);
else if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') setActive((current - 1 + variants.length) % variants.length);
else if (e.key === 'r' || e.key === 'R') mount(current);
});
setActive((parseInt(new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('v'), 10) || 1) - 1);
// Enable the slide only after first paint, so load doesn't animate.
requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(() => picker.setAttribute('data-ready', '')));
```

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---
name: prototype
description: Build multiple genuinely different versions of a UI piece you describe, rendered behind a visual picker so you can flip through them live and promote the one that feels right. Only runs when explicitly invoked; it does not trigger on its own.
disable-model-invocation: true
---
# Prototyping Variants
A divergence skill. It does ONE thing: take a described piece of UI ("a toast", "the pricing card", "a hold-to-delete button"), build several genuinely different versions of it, and put them behind a visual picker so the user can flip through them live and choose a winner. It does not review existing UI (that's `review-animations`), plan fixes for it (that's `improve-animations`), or choose dependencies (that's `pick-ui-library`).
## Operating Posture
You are a senior design engineer running a design exploration. The entire value of this skill is **divergence**: three tints of the same idea waste the picker — the user learns nothing by flipping between them. Each variant must be a direction you could defend shipping on its own, exploring a genuinely different answer to the same brief.
Divergence is not an excuse to drop the craft bar. Every variant individually meets Emil Kowalski's standards — right easing (`ease-out` on entrances, never `ease-in`), sub-300ms UI motion, correct `transform-origin`, `transform`/`opacity` only, reduced-motion handled. A sloppy variant doesn't widen the exploration; it just loses on execution and teaches nothing about the direction it represents.
## Hard Rules
1. **Never touch production code during exploration.** Everything lives in an isolated prototype surface (see Phase 4). Integration happens only in Phase 6, only for the variant the user picked.
2. **Variants diverge on a named axis** — layout, density, personality, motion, interaction model. Before building, you must be able to state each variant's axis in a phrase. Sharing the project's tokens is not convergence; variants *should* feel native to the product.
3. **Every variant fully works.** Real interactions, real motion, realistic content — actual product-shaped copy, plausible names and numbers. No lorem ipsum, no dead buttons, no "imagine this part".
4. **The picker is chrome, not a contestant.** Its exact markup, styles, and behavior are specified in [PICKER.md](PICKER.md) — copy them verbatim. Its look is not a design decision and never adapts to the project.
5. **Clean up after the choice.** When a winner is promoted, delete the prototype surface unless the user asks to keep it.
## Workflow
### Phase 1 — Scope
One thing per run. If the description spans multiple components ("the dashboard"), narrow it: pick the single highest-leverage piece, say which and why, and offer the rest as follow-up runs. Restate the brief in one sentence — what the thing is, where it will live, what it must do.
### Phase 2 — Recon
Before designing anything, map the ground the variants must stand on:
- **Stack**: framework, styling system (Tailwind, CSS modules, vanilla), motion library if any.
- **Tokens**: colors, radii, spacing, fonts, easing/duration variables. Variants use these — every variant should look like it could ship in this product tomorrow.
- **Personality**: playful consumer app or crisp dashboard? This bounds how far the boldest variant may go.
- **Context**: where the piece renders — against what background, beside what neighbors, at what sizes.
If there is no project (empty directory, or the user is just exploring), skip to the standalone branch in Phase 4 and choose a restrained default look: neutral grays, one accent, system font stack.
### Phase 3 — Choose directions
Default **3 variants**; up to 5 when the user asks or the design space is genuinely wide. More than 5 dilutes the comparison.
Before writing any code, list the set: a name and an axis for each. Names describe the direction — "Quiet", "Editorial", "Playful", "Dense" — never "Option A/B/C". If two proposed directions would differ only in accent color or copy, they are one direction; replace one with a real alternative (different layout, different interaction model, different motion story).
**Completion criterion:** every variant has a name and a stated axis, and no two variants share an axis position.
### Phase 4 — Build the picker harness
Two branches, by what exists:
- **In a project with a dev server** — an isolated route or page (`/prototypes/<slug>`, or the framework's equivalent), one file per variant plus a small harness file. Nothing imports from the prototype surface into production code.
- **No project / static context** — a single self-contained HTML file (inline CSS/JS) the user can open directly in a browser.
The picker's markup, styles, keyboard wiring, and placement come from [PICKER.md](PICKER.md), verbatim — load it now and build exactly that. Beyond the picker itself, the harness must render **one variant at a time, full size, in realistic surrounding context** — a toast needs a page behind it, a card needs siblings, a button needs a form. Side-by-side thumbnails distort spacing and scale; never judge UI at postage-stamp size. Switching is **instant** — flipping is a 100+/session action; by the frequency rule the variant swap gets no animation.
### Phase 5 — Verify and hand off
Run the harness. Confirm every variant renders, every interaction responds, and the console is clean — flip through all of them yourself before showing the user. If browser tooling is available, screenshot each variant.
Then present the set and **stop — the choice belongs to the user**:
| # | Variant | Axis | When it's the right choice | Its cost |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Quiet | Minimal motion, borders over shadows | The product is a daily-use tool | Least memorable |
| 2 | Editorial | Large type, generous whitespace | The moment deserves weight | Eats vertical space |
Close with where the picker is running (URL or file path) and the keys to flip.
**Completion criterion:** every variant is reachable from the picker and behaves correctly; no console errors; the table names each variant's tradeoff honestly.
### Phase 6 — Promote on selection
When the user picks: integrate that variant where it belongs, following the project's existing conventions (file layout, naming, token usage), then delete the prototype surface per Hard Rule 5. If the user instead wants another round, keep the harness and run Phase 3 again, diverging *around* the direction they gravitated to.
## Invocation Variants
| Invocation | Behavior |
| --- | --- |
| `<description>` | Full workflow: scope → recon → 3 variants → picker → wait for choice |
| `<description> x5` | Same, with that many variants (capped at 5) |
| `riff <variant>` | New round: keep the harness, generate a fresh set diverging around the named variant's direction |
| `keep <variant>` | Promote that variant into the codebase and delete the prototype surface |
| `keep <variant>, leave the picker` | Promote, but keep the prototype surface around |
## Tone
Sell each variant honestly — one line on when it wins, one on what it costs. Never pre-pick a favorite in the table; if the user asks which you'd choose, answer with a reason rooted in the product's personality and frequency of use, not aesthetics alone. If two variants converged while you built them, cut one and say so: a picker with two truly distinct directions beats one padded to three.

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# React Best Practices
A structured repository for creating and maintaining React Best Practices optimized for agents and LLMs.
## Structure
- `rules/` - Individual rule files (one per rule)
- `_sections.md` - Section metadata (titles, impacts, descriptions)
- `_template.md` - Template for creating new rules
- `area-description.md` - Individual rule files
- `src/` - Build scripts and utilities
- `metadata.json` - Document metadata (version, organization, abstract)
- __`AGENTS.md`__ - Compiled output (generated)
- __`test-cases.json`__ - Test cases for LLM evaluation (generated)
## Getting Started
1. Install dependencies:
```bash
pnpm install
```
2. Build AGENTS.md from rules:
```bash
pnpm build
```
3. Validate rule files:
```bash
pnpm validate
```
4. Extract test cases:
```bash
pnpm extract-tests
```
## Creating a New Rule
1. Copy `rules/_template.md` to `rules/area-description.md`
2. Choose the appropriate area prefix:
- `async-` for Eliminating Waterfalls (Section 1)
- `bundle-` for Bundle Size Optimization (Section 2)
- `server-` for Server-Side Performance (Section 3)
- `client-` for Client-Side Data Fetching (Section 4)
- `rerender-` for Re-render Optimization (Section 5)
- `rendering-` for Rendering Performance (Section 6)
- `js-` for JavaScript Performance (Section 7)
- `advanced-` for Advanced Patterns (Section 8)
3. Fill in the frontmatter and content
4. Ensure you have clear examples with explanations
5. Run `pnpm build` to regenerate AGENTS.md and test-cases.json
## Rule File Structure
Each rule file should follow this structure:
```markdown
---
title: Rule Title Here
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: Optional description
tags: tag1, tag2, tag3
---
## Rule Title Here
Brief explanation of the rule and why it matters.
**Incorrect (description of what's wrong):**
```typescript
// Bad code example
```
**Correct (description of what's right):**
```typescript
// Good code example
```
Optional explanatory text after examples.
Reference: [Link](https://example.com)
## File Naming Convention
- Files starting with `_` are special (excluded from build)
- Rule files: `area-description.md` (e.g., `async-parallel.md`)
- Section is automatically inferred from filename prefix
- Rules are sorted alphabetically by title within each section
- IDs (e.g., 1.1, 1.2) are auto-generated during build
## Impact Levels
- `CRITICAL` - Highest priority, major performance gains
- `HIGH` - Significant performance improvements
- `MEDIUM-HIGH` - Moderate-high gains
- `MEDIUM` - Moderate performance improvements
- `LOW-MEDIUM` - Low-medium gains
- `LOW` - Incremental improvements
## Scripts
- `pnpm build` - Compile rules into AGENTS.md
- `pnpm validate` - Validate all rule files
- `pnpm extract-tests` - Extract test cases for LLM evaluation
- `pnpm dev` - Build and validate
## Contributing
When adding or modifying rules:
1. Use the correct filename prefix for your section
2. Follow the `_template.md` structure
3. Include clear bad/good examples with explanations
4. Add appropriate tags
5. Run `pnpm build` to regenerate AGENTS.md and test-cases.json
6. Rules are automatically sorted by title - no need to manage numbers!
## Acknowledgments
Originally created by [@shuding](https://x.com/shuding) at [Vercel](https://vercel.com).

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---
name: vercel-react-best-practices
description: React and Next.js performance optimization guidelines from Vercel Engineering. This skill should be used when writing, reviewing, or refactoring React/Next.js code to ensure optimal performance patterns. Triggers on tasks involving React components, Next.js pages, data fetching, bundle optimization, or performance improvements.
license: MIT
metadata:
author: vercel
version: "1.0.0"
---
# Vercel React Best Practices
Comprehensive performance optimization guide for React and Next.js applications, maintained by Vercel. Contains 70 rules across 8 categories, prioritized by impact to guide automated refactoring and code generation.
## When to Apply
Reference these guidelines when:
- Writing new React components or Next.js pages
- Implementing data fetching (client or server-side)
- Reviewing code for performance issues
- Refactoring existing React/Next.js code
- Optimizing bundle size or load times
## Rule Categories by Priority
| Priority | Category | Impact | Prefix |
|----------|----------|--------|--------|
| 1 | Eliminating Waterfalls | CRITICAL | `async-` |
| 2 | Bundle Size Optimization | CRITICAL | `bundle-` |
| 3 | Server-Side Performance | HIGH | `server-` |
| 4 | Client-Side Data Fetching | MEDIUM-HIGH | `client-` |
| 5 | Re-render Optimization | MEDIUM | `rerender-` |
| 6 | Rendering Performance | MEDIUM | `rendering-` |
| 7 | JavaScript Performance | LOW-MEDIUM | `js-` |
| 8 | Advanced Patterns | LOW | `advanced-` |
## Quick Reference
### 1. Eliminating Waterfalls (CRITICAL)
- `async-cheap-condition-before-await` - Check cheap sync conditions before awaiting flags or remote values
- `async-defer-await` - Move await into branches where actually used
- `async-parallel` - Use Promise.all() for independent operations
- `async-dependencies` - Use better-all for partial dependencies
- `async-api-routes` - Start promises early, await late in API routes
- `async-suspense-boundaries` - Use Suspense to stream content
### 2. Bundle Size Optimization (CRITICAL)
- `bundle-barrel-imports` - Import directly, avoid barrel files
- `bundle-analyzable-paths` - Prefer statically analyzable import and file-system paths to avoid broad bundles and traces
- `bundle-dynamic-imports` - Use next/dynamic for heavy components
- `bundle-defer-third-party` - Load analytics/logging after hydration
- `bundle-conditional` - Load modules only when feature is activated
- `bundle-preload` - Preload on hover/focus for perceived speed
### 3. Server-Side Performance (HIGH)
- `server-auth-actions` - Authenticate server actions like API routes
- `server-cache-react` - Use React.cache() for per-request deduplication
- `server-cache-lru` - Use LRU cache for cross-request caching
- `server-dedup-props` - Avoid duplicate serialization in RSC props
- `server-hoist-static-io` - Hoist static I/O (fonts, logos) to module level
- `server-no-shared-module-state` - Avoid module-level mutable request state in RSC/SSR
- `server-serialization` - Minimize data passed to client components
- `server-parallel-fetching` - Restructure components to parallelize fetches
- `server-parallel-nested-fetching` - Chain nested fetches per item in Promise.all
- `server-after-nonblocking` - Use after() for non-blocking operations
### 4. Client-Side Data Fetching (MEDIUM-HIGH)
- `client-swr-dedup` - Use SWR for automatic request deduplication
- `client-event-listeners` - Deduplicate global event listeners
- `client-passive-event-listeners` - Use passive listeners for scroll
- `client-localstorage-schema` - Version and minimize localStorage data
### 5. Re-render Optimization (MEDIUM)
- `rerender-defer-reads` - Don't subscribe to state only used in callbacks
- `rerender-memo` - Extract expensive work into memoized components
- `rerender-memo-with-default-value` - Hoist default non-primitive props
- `rerender-dependencies` - Use primitive dependencies in effects
- `rerender-derived-state` - Subscribe to derived booleans, not raw values
- `rerender-derived-state-no-effect` - Derive state during render, not effects
- `rerender-functional-setstate` - Use functional setState for stable callbacks
- `rerender-lazy-state-init` - Pass function to useState for expensive values
- `rerender-simple-expression-in-memo` - Avoid memo for simple primitives
- `rerender-split-combined-hooks` - Split hooks with independent dependencies
- `rerender-move-effect-to-event` - Put interaction logic in event handlers
- `rerender-transitions` - Use startTransition for non-urgent updates
- `rerender-use-deferred-value` - Defer expensive renders to keep input responsive
- `rerender-use-ref-transient-values` - Use refs for transient frequent values
- `rerender-no-inline-components` - Don't define components inside components
### 6. Rendering Performance (MEDIUM)
- `rendering-animate-svg-wrapper` - Animate div wrapper, not SVG element
- `rendering-content-visibility` - Use content-visibility for long lists
- `rendering-hoist-jsx` - Extract static JSX outside components
- `rendering-svg-precision` - Reduce SVG coordinate precision
- `rendering-hydration-no-flicker` - Use inline script for client-only data
- `rendering-hydration-suppress-warning` - Suppress expected mismatches
- `rendering-activity` - Use Activity component for show/hide
- `rendering-conditional-render` - Use ternary, not && for conditionals
- `rendering-usetransition-loading` - Prefer useTransition for loading state
- `rendering-resource-hints` - Use React DOM resource hints for preloading
- `rendering-script-defer-async` - Use defer or async on script tags
### 7. JavaScript Performance (LOW-MEDIUM)
- `js-batch-dom-css` - Group CSS changes via classes or cssText
- `js-index-maps` - Build Map for repeated lookups
- `js-cache-property-access` - Cache object properties in loops
- `js-cache-function-results` - Cache function results in module-level Map
- `js-cache-storage` - Cache localStorage/sessionStorage reads
- `js-combine-iterations` - Combine multiple filter/map into one loop
- `js-length-check-first` - Check array length before expensive comparison
- `js-early-exit` - Return early from functions
- `js-hoist-regexp` - Hoist RegExp creation outside loops
- `js-min-max-loop` - Use loop for min/max instead of sort
- `js-set-map-lookups` - Use Set/Map for O(1) lookups
- `js-tosorted-immutable` - Use toSorted() for immutability
- `js-flatmap-filter` - Use flatMap to map and filter in one pass
- `js-request-idle-callback` - Defer non-critical work to browser idle time
### 8. Advanced Patterns (LOW)
- `advanced-effect-event-deps` - Don't put `useEffectEvent` results in effect deps
- `advanced-event-handler-refs` - Store event handlers in refs
- `advanced-init-once` - Initialize app once per app load
- `advanced-use-latest` - useLatest for stable callback refs
## How to Use
Read individual rule files for detailed explanations and code examples:
```
rules/async-parallel.md
rules/bundle-barrel-imports.md
```
Each rule file contains:
- Brief explanation of why it matters
- Incorrect code example with explanation
- Correct code example with explanation
- Additional context and references
## Full Compiled Document
For the complete guide with all rules expanded: `AGENTS.md`

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{
"version": "1.0.0",
"organization": "Vercel Engineering",
"date": "January 2026",
"abstract": "Comprehensive performance optimization guide for React and Next.js applications, designed for AI agents and LLMs. Contains 40+ rules across 8 categories, prioritized by impact from critical (eliminating waterfalls, reducing bundle size) to incremental (advanced patterns). Each rule includes detailed explanations, real-world examples comparing incorrect vs. correct implementations, and specific impact metrics to guide automated refactoring and code generation.",
"references": [
"https://react.dev",
"https://nextjs.org",
"https://swr.vercel.app",
"https://github.com/shuding/better-all",
"https://github.com/isaacs/node-lru-cache",
"https://vercel.com/blog/how-we-optimized-package-imports-in-next-js",
"https://vercel.com/blog/how-we-made-the-vercel-dashboard-twice-as-fast"
]
}

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@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
# Sections
This file defines all sections, their ordering, impact levels, and descriptions.
The section ID (in parentheses) is the filename prefix used to group rules.
---
## 1. Eliminating Waterfalls (async)
**Impact:** CRITICAL
**Description:** Waterfalls are the #1 performance killer. Each sequential await adds full network latency. Eliminating them yields the largest gains.
## 2. Bundle Size Optimization (bundle)
**Impact:** CRITICAL
**Description:** Reducing initial bundle size improves Time to Interactive and Largest Contentful Paint.
## 3. Server-Side Performance (server)
**Impact:** HIGH
**Description:** Optimizing server-side rendering and data fetching eliminates server-side waterfalls and reduces response times.
## 4. Client-Side Data Fetching (client)
**Impact:** MEDIUM-HIGH
**Description:** Automatic deduplication and efficient data fetching patterns reduce redundant network requests.
## 5. Re-render Optimization (rerender)
**Impact:** MEDIUM
**Description:** Reducing unnecessary re-renders minimizes wasted computation and improves UI responsiveness.
## 6. Rendering Performance (rendering)
**Impact:** MEDIUM
**Description:** Optimizing the rendering process reduces the work the browser needs to do.
## 7. JavaScript Performance (js)
**Impact:** LOW-MEDIUM
**Description:** Micro-optimizations for hot paths can add up to meaningful improvements.
## 8. Advanced Patterns (advanced)
**Impact:** LOW
**Description:** Advanced patterns for specific cases that require careful implementation.

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---
title: Rule Title Here
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: Optional description of impact (e.g., "20-50% improvement")
tags: tag1, tag2
---
## Rule Title Here
**Impact: MEDIUM (optional impact description)**
Brief explanation of the rule and why it matters. This should be clear and concise, explaining the performance implications.
**Incorrect (description of what's wrong):**
```typescript
// Bad code example here
const bad = example()
```
**Correct (description of what's right):**
```typescript
// Good code example here
const good = example()
```
Reference: [Link to documentation or resource](https://example.com)

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---
title: Do Not Put Effect Events in Dependency Arrays
impact: LOW
impactDescription: avoids unnecessary effect re-runs and lint errors
tags: advanced, hooks, useEffectEvent, dependencies, effects
---
## Do Not Put Effect Events in Dependency Arrays
Effect Event functions do not have a stable identity. Their identity intentionally changes on every render. Do not include the function returned by `useEffectEvent` in a `useEffect` dependency array. Keep the actual reactive values as dependencies and call the Effect Event from inside the effect body or subscriptions created by that effect.
**Incorrect (Effect Event added as a dependency):**
```tsx
import { useEffect, useEffectEvent } from 'react'
function ChatRoom({ roomId, onConnected }: {
roomId: string
onConnected: () => void
}) {
const handleConnected = useEffectEvent(onConnected)
useEffect(() => {
const connection = createConnection(roomId)
connection.on('connected', handleConnected)
connection.connect()
return () => connection.disconnect()
}, [roomId, handleConnected])
}
```
Including the Effect Event in dependencies makes the effect re-run every render and triggers the React Hooks lint rule.
**Correct (depend on reactive values, not the Effect Event):**
```tsx
import { useEffect, useEffectEvent } from 'react'
function ChatRoom({ roomId, onConnected }: {
roomId: string
onConnected: () => void
}) {
const handleConnected = useEffectEvent(onConnected)
useEffect(() => {
const connection = createConnection(roomId)
connection.on('connected', handleConnected)
connection.connect()
return () => connection.disconnect()
}, [roomId])
}
```
Reference: [React useEffectEvent: Effect Event in deps](https://react.dev/reference/react/useEffectEvent#effect-event-in-deps)

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---
title: Store Event Handlers in Refs
impact: LOW
impactDescription: stable subscriptions
tags: advanced, hooks, refs, event-handlers, optimization
---
## Store Event Handlers in Refs
Store callbacks in refs when used in effects that shouldn't re-subscribe on callback changes.
**Incorrect (re-subscribes on every render):**
```tsx
function useWindowEvent(event: string, handler: (e) => void) {
useEffect(() => {
window.addEventListener(event, handler)
return () => window.removeEventListener(event, handler)
}, [event, handler])
}
```
**Correct (stable subscription):**
```tsx
function useWindowEvent(event: string, handler: (e) => void) {
const handlerRef = useRef(handler)
useEffect(() => {
handlerRef.current = handler
}, [handler])
useEffect(() => {
const listener = (e) => handlerRef.current(e)
window.addEventListener(event, listener)
return () => window.removeEventListener(event, listener)
}, [event])
}
```
**Alternative: use `useEffectEvent` if you're on latest React:**
```tsx
import { useEffectEvent } from 'react'
function useWindowEvent(event: string, handler: (e) => void) {
const onEvent = useEffectEvent(handler)
useEffect(() => {
window.addEventListener(event, onEvent)
return () => window.removeEventListener(event, onEvent)
}, [event])
}
```
`useEffectEvent` provides a cleaner API for the same pattern: it creates a stable function reference that always calls the latest version of the handler.

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---
title: Initialize App Once, Not Per Mount
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids duplicate init in development
tags: initialization, useEffect, app-startup, side-effects
---
## Initialize App Once, Not Per Mount
Do not put app-wide initialization that must run once per app load inside `useEffect([])` of a component. Components can remount and effects will re-run. Use a module-level guard or top-level init in the entry module instead.
**Incorrect (runs twice in dev, re-runs on remount):**
```tsx
function Comp() {
useEffect(() => {
loadFromStorage()
checkAuthToken()
}, [])
// ...
}
```
**Correct (once per app load):**
```tsx
let didInit = false
function Comp() {
useEffect(() => {
if (didInit) return
didInit = true
loadFromStorage()
checkAuthToken()
}, [])
// ...
}
```
Reference: [Initializing the application](https://react.dev/learn/you-might-not-need-an-effect#initializing-the-application)

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---
title: useEffectEvent for Stable Callback Refs
impact: LOW
impactDescription: prevents effect re-runs
tags: advanced, hooks, useEffectEvent, refs, optimization
---
## useEffectEvent for Stable Callback Refs
Access latest values in callbacks without adding them to dependency arrays. Prevents effect re-runs while avoiding stale closures.
**Incorrect (effect re-runs on every callback change):**
```tsx
function SearchInput({ onSearch }: { onSearch: (q: string) => void }) {
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
useEffect(() => {
const timeout = setTimeout(() => onSearch(query), 300)
return () => clearTimeout(timeout)
}, [query, onSearch])
}
```
**Correct (using React's useEffectEvent):**
```tsx
import { useEffectEvent } from 'react';
function SearchInput({ onSearch }: { onSearch: (q: string) => void }) {
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
const onSearchEvent = useEffectEvent(onSearch)
useEffect(() => {
const timeout = setTimeout(() => onSearchEvent(query), 300)
return () => clearTimeout(timeout)
}, [query])
}
```

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---
title: Prevent Waterfall Chains in API Routes
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: 2-10× improvement
tags: api-routes, server-actions, waterfalls, parallelization
---
## Prevent Waterfall Chains in API Routes
In API routes and Server Actions, start independent operations immediately, even if you don't await them yet.
**Incorrect (config waits for auth, data waits for both):**
```typescript
export async function GET(request: Request) {
const session = await auth()
const config = await fetchConfig()
const data = await fetchData(session.user.id)
return Response.json({ data, config })
}
```
**Correct (auth and config start immediately):**
```typescript
export async function GET(request: Request) {
const sessionPromise = auth()
const configPromise = fetchConfig()
const session = await sessionPromise
const [config, data] = await Promise.all([
configPromise,
fetchData(session.user.id)
])
return Response.json({ data, config })
}
```
For operations with more complex dependency chains, use `better-all` to automatically maximize parallelism (see Dependency-Based Parallelization).

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---
title: Check Cheap Conditions Before Async Flags
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: avoids unnecessary async work when a synchronous guard already fails
tags: async, await, feature-flags, short-circuit, conditional
---
## Check Cheap Conditions Before Async Flags
When a branch uses `await` for a flag or remote value and also requires a **cheap synchronous** condition (local props, request metadata, already-loaded state), evaluate the cheap condition **first**. Otherwise you pay for the async call even when the compound condition can never be true.
This is a specialization of [Defer Await Until Needed](./async-defer-await.md) for `flag && cheapCondition` style checks.
**Incorrect:**
```typescript
const someFlag = await getFlag()
if (someFlag && someCondition) {
// ...
}
```
**Correct:**
```typescript
if (someCondition) {
const someFlag = await getFlag()
if (someFlag) {
// ...
}
}
```
This matters when `getFlag` hits the network, a feature-flag service, or `React.cache` / DB work: skipping it when `someCondition` is false removes that cost on the cold path.
Keep the original order if `someCondition` is expensive, depends on the flag, or you must run side effects in a fixed order.

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---
title: Defer Await Until Needed
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: avoids blocking unused code paths
tags: async, await, conditional, optimization
---
## Defer Await Until Needed
Move `await` operations into the branches where they're actually used to avoid blocking code paths that don't need them.
**Incorrect (blocks both branches):**
```typescript
async function handleRequest(userId: string, skipProcessing: boolean) {
const userData = await fetchUserData(userId)
if (skipProcessing) {
// Returns immediately but still waited for userData
return { skipped: true }
}
// Only this branch uses userData
return processUserData(userData)
}
```
**Correct (only blocks when needed):**
```typescript
async function handleRequest(userId: string, skipProcessing: boolean) {
if (skipProcessing) {
// Returns immediately without waiting
return { skipped: true }
}
// Fetch only when needed
const userData = await fetchUserData(userId)
return processUserData(userData)
}
```
**Another example (early return optimization):**
```typescript
// Incorrect: always fetches permissions
async function updateResource(resourceId: string, userId: string) {
const permissions = await fetchPermissions(userId)
const resource = await getResource(resourceId)
if (!resource) {
return { error: 'Not found' }
}
if (!permissions.canEdit) {
return { error: 'Forbidden' }
}
return await updateResourceData(resource, permissions)
}
// Correct: fetches only when needed
async function updateResource(resourceId: string, userId: string) {
const resource = await getResource(resourceId)
if (!resource) {
return { error: 'Not found' }
}
const permissions = await fetchPermissions(userId)
if (!permissions.canEdit) {
return { error: 'Forbidden' }
}
return await updateResourceData(resource, permissions)
}
```
This optimization is especially valuable when the skipped branch is frequently taken, or when the deferred operation is expensive.
For `await getFlag()` combined with a cheap synchronous guard (`flag && someCondition`), see [Check Cheap Conditions Before Async Flags](./async-cheap-condition-before-await.md).

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---
title: Dependency-Based Parallelization
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: 2-10× improvement
tags: async, parallelization, dependencies, better-all
---
## Dependency-Based Parallelization
For operations with partial dependencies, use `better-all` to maximize parallelism. It automatically starts each task at the earliest possible moment.
**Incorrect (profile waits for config unnecessarily):**
```typescript
const [user, config] = await Promise.all([
fetchUser(),
fetchConfig()
])
const profile = await fetchProfile(user.id)
```
**Correct (config and profile run in parallel):**
```typescript
import { all } from 'better-all'
const { user, config, profile } = await all({
async user() { return fetchUser() },
async config() { return fetchConfig() },
async profile() {
return fetchProfile((await this.$.user).id)
}
})
```
**Alternative without extra dependencies:**
We can also create all the promises first, and do `Promise.all()` at the end.
```typescript
const userPromise = fetchUser()
const profilePromise = userPromise.then(user => fetchProfile(user.id))
const [user, config, profile] = await Promise.all([
userPromise,
fetchConfig(),
profilePromise
])
```
Reference: [https://github.com/shuding/better-all](https://github.com/shuding/better-all)

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---
title: Promise.all() for Independent Operations
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: 2-10× improvement
tags: async, parallelization, promises, waterfalls
---
## Promise.all() for Independent Operations
When async operations have no interdependencies, execute them concurrently using `Promise.all()`.
**Incorrect (sequential execution, 3 round trips):**
```typescript
const user = await fetchUser()
const posts = await fetchPosts()
const comments = await fetchComments()
```
**Correct (parallel execution, 1 round trip):**
```typescript
const [user, posts, comments] = await Promise.all([
fetchUser(),
fetchPosts(),
fetchComments()
])
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
---
title: Strategic Suspense Boundaries
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: faster initial paint
tags: async, suspense, streaming, layout-shift
---
## Strategic Suspense Boundaries
Instead of awaiting data in async components before returning JSX, use Suspense boundaries to show the wrapper UI faster while data loads.
**Incorrect (wrapper blocked by data fetching):**
```tsx
async function Page() {
const data = await fetchData() // Blocks entire page
return (
<div>
<div>Sidebar</div>
<div>Header</div>
<div>
<DataDisplay data={data} />
</div>
<div>Footer</div>
</div>
)
}
```
The entire layout waits for data even though only the middle section needs it.
**Correct (wrapper shows immediately, data streams in):**
```tsx
function Page() {
return (
<div>
<div>Sidebar</div>
<div>Header</div>
<div>
<Suspense fallback={<Skeleton />}>
<DataDisplay />
</Suspense>
</div>
<div>Footer</div>
</div>
)
}
async function DataDisplay() {
const data = await fetchData() // Only blocks this component
return <div>{data.content}</div>
}
```
Sidebar, Header, and Footer render immediately. Only DataDisplay waits for data.
**Alternative (share promise across components):**
```tsx
function Page() {
// Start fetch immediately, but don't await
const dataPromise = fetchData()
return (
<div>
<div>Sidebar</div>
<div>Header</div>
<Suspense fallback={<Skeleton />}>
<DataDisplay dataPromise={dataPromise} />
<DataSummary dataPromise={dataPromise} />
</Suspense>
<div>Footer</div>
</div>
)
}
function DataDisplay({ dataPromise }: { dataPromise: Promise<Data> }) {
const data = use(dataPromise) // Unwraps the promise
return <div>{data.content}</div>
}
function DataSummary({ dataPromise }: { dataPromise: Promise<Data> }) {
const data = use(dataPromise) // Reuses the same promise
return <div>{data.summary}</div>
}
```
Both components share the same promise, so only one fetch occurs. Layout renders immediately while both components wait together.
**When NOT to use this pattern:**
- Critical data needed for layout decisions (affects positioning)
- SEO-critical content above the fold
- Small, fast queries where suspense overhead isn't worth it
- When you want to avoid layout shift (loading → content jump)
**Trade-off:** Faster initial paint vs potential layout shift. Choose based on your UX priorities.

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---
title: Prefer Statically Analyzable Paths
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: avoids accidental broad bundles and file traces
tags: bundle, nextjs, vite, webpack, rollup, esbuild, path
---
## Prefer Statically Analyzable Paths
Build tools work best when import and file-system paths are obvious at build time. If you hide the real path inside a variable or compose it too dynamically, the tool either has to include a broad set of possible files, warn that it cannot analyze the import, or widen file tracing to stay safe.
Prefer explicit maps or literal paths so the set of reachable files stays narrow and predictable. This is the same rule whether you are choosing modules with `import()` or reading files in server/build code.
When analysis becomes too broad, the cost is real:
- Larger server bundles
- Slower builds
- Worse cold starts
- More memory use
### Import Paths
**Incorrect (the bundler cannot tell what may be imported):**
```ts
const PAGE_MODULES = {
home: './pages/home',
settings: './pages/settings',
} as const
const Page = await import(PAGE_MODULES[pageName])
```
**Correct (use an explicit map of allowed modules):**
```ts
const PAGE_MODULES = {
home: () => import('./pages/home'),
settings: () => import('./pages/settings'),
} as const
const Page = await PAGE_MODULES[pageName]()
```
### File-System Paths
**Incorrect (a 2-value enum still hides the final path from static analysis):**
```ts
const baseDir = path.join(process.cwd(), 'content/' + contentKind)
```
**Correct (make each final path literal at the callsite):**
```ts
const baseDir =
kind === ContentKind.Blog
? path.join(process.cwd(), 'content/blog')
: path.join(process.cwd(), 'content/docs')
```
In Next.js server code, this matters for output file tracing too. `path.join(process.cwd(), someVar)` can widen the traced file set because Next.js statically analyze `import`, `require`, and `fs` usage.
Reference: [Next.js output](https://nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/output), [Next.js dynamic imports](https://nextjs.org/learn/seo/dynamic-imports), [Vite features](https://vite.dev/guide/features.html), [esbuild API](https://esbuild.github.io/api/), [Rollup dynamic import vars](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@rollup/plugin-dynamic-import-vars), [Webpack dependency management](https://webpack.js.org/guides/dependency-management/)

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@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
---
title: Avoid Barrel File Imports
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: 200-800ms import cost, slow builds
tags: bundle, imports, tree-shaking, barrel-files, performance
---
## Avoid Barrel File Imports
Import directly from source files instead of barrel files to avoid loading thousands of unused modules. **Barrel files** are entry points that re-export multiple modules (e.g., `index.js` that does `export * from './module'`).
Popular icon and component libraries can have **up to 10,000 re-exports** in their entry file. For many React packages, **it takes 200-800ms just to import them**, affecting both development speed and production cold starts.
**Why tree-shaking doesn't help:** When a library is marked as external (not bundled), the bundler can't optimize it. If you bundle it to enable tree-shaking, builds become substantially slower analyzing the entire module graph.
**Incorrect (imports entire library):**
```tsx
import { Check, X, Menu } from 'lucide-react'
// Loads 1,583 modules, takes ~2.8s extra in dev
// Runtime cost: 200-800ms on every cold start
import { Button, TextField } from '@mui/material'
// Loads 2,225 modules, takes ~4.2s extra in dev
```
**Correct - Next.js 13.5+ (recommended):**
```js
// next.config.js - automatically optimizes barrel imports at build time
module.exports = {
experimental: {
optimizePackageImports: ['lucide-react', '@mui/material']
}
}
```
```tsx
// Keep the standard imports - Next.js transforms them to direct imports
import { Check, X, Menu } from 'lucide-react'
// Full TypeScript support, no manual path wrangling
```
This is the recommended approach because it preserves TypeScript type safety and editor autocompletion while still eliminating the barrel import cost.
**Correct - Direct imports (non-Next.js projects):**
```tsx
import Button from '@mui/material/Button'
import TextField from '@mui/material/TextField'
// Loads only what you use
```
> **TypeScript warning:** Some libraries (notably `lucide-react`) don't ship `.d.ts` files for their deep import paths. Importing from `lucide-react/dist/esm/icons/check` resolves to an implicit `any` type, causing errors under `strict` or `noImplicitAny`. Prefer `optimizePackageImports` when available, or verify the library exports types for its subpaths before using direct imports.
These optimizations provide 15-70% faster dev boot, 28% faster builds, 40% faster cold starts, and significantly faster HMR.
Libraries commonly affected: `lucide-react`, `@mui/material`, `@mui/icons-material`, `@tabler/icons-react`, `react-icons`, `@headlessui/react`, `@radix-ui/react-*`, `lodash`, `ramda`, `date-fns`, `rxjs`, `react-use`.
Reference: [How we optimized package imports in Next.js](https://vercel.com/blog/how-we-optimized-package-imports-in-next-js)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
---
title: Conditional Module Loading
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: loads large data only when needed
tags: bundle, conditional-loading, lazy-loading
---
## Conditional Module Loading
Load large data or modules only when a feature is activated.
**Example (lazy-load animation frames):**
```tsx
function AnimationPlayer({ enabled, setEnabled }: { enabled: boolean; setEnabled: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<boolean>> }) {
const [frames, setFrames] = useState<Frame[] | null>(null)
useEffect(() => {
if (enabled && !frames && typeof window !== 'undefined') {
import('./animation-frames.js')
.then(mod => setFrames(mod.frames))
.catch(() => setEnabled(false))
}
}, [enabled, frames, setEnabled])
if (!frames) return <Skeleton />
return <Canvas frames={frames} />
}
```
The `typeof window !== 'undefined'` check prevents bundling this module for SSR, optimizing server bundle size and build speed.

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@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
---
title: Defer Non-Critical Third-Party Libraries
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: loads after hydration
tags: bundle, third-party, analytics, defer
---
## Defer Non-Critical Third-Party Libraries
Analytics, logging, and error tracking don't block user interaction. Load them after hydration.
**Incorrect (blocks initial bundle):**
```tsx
import { Analytics } from '@vercel/analytics/react'
export default function RootLayout({ children }) {
return (
<html>
<body>
{children}
<Analytics />
</body>
</html>
)
}
```
**Correct (loads after hydration):**
```tsx
import dynamic from 'next/dynamic'
const Analytics = dynamic(
() => import('@vercel/analytics/react').then(m => m.Analytics),
{ ssr: false }
)
export default function RootLayout({ children }) {
return (
<html>
<body>
{children}
<Analytics />
</body>
</html>
)
}
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
---
title: Dynamic Imports for Heavy Components
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: directly affects TTI and LCP
tags: bundle, dynamic-import, code-splitting, next-dynamic
---
## Dynamic Imports for Heavy Components
Use `next/dynamic` to lazy-load large components not needed on initial render.
**Incorrect (Monaco bundles with main chunk ~300KB):**
```tsx
import { MonacoEditor } from './monaco-editor'
function CodePanel({ code }: { code: string }) {
return <MonacoEditor value={code} />
}
```
**Correct (Monaco loads on demand):**
```tsx
import dynamic from 'next/dynamic'
const MonacoEditor = dynamic(
() => import('./monaco-editor').then(m => m.MonacoEditor),
{ ssr: false }
)
function CodePanel({ code }: { code: string }) {
return <MonacoEditor value={code} />
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
---
title: Preload Based on User Intent
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: reduces perceived latency
tags: bundle, preload, user-intent, hover
---
## Preload Based on User Intent
Preload heavy bundles before they're needed to reduce perceived latency.
**Example (preload on hover/focus):**
```tsx
function EditorButton({ onClick }: { onClick: () => void }) {
const preload = () => {
if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
void import('./monaco-editor')
}
}
return (
<button
onMouseEnter={preload}
onFocus={preload}
onClick={onClick}
>
Open Editor
</button>
)
}
```
**Example (preload when feature flag is enabled):**
```tsx
function FlagsProvider({ children, flags }: Props) {
useEffect(() => {
if (flags.editorEnabled && typeof window !== 'undefined') {
void import('./monaco-editor').then(mod => mod.init())
}
}, [flags.editorEnabled])
return <FlagsContext.Provider value={flags}>
{children}
</FlagsContext.Provider>
}
```
The `typeof window !== 'undefined'` check prevents bundling preloaded modules for SSR, optimizing server bundle size and build speed.

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---
title: Deduplicate Global Event Listeners
impact: LOW
impactDescription: single listener for N components
tags: client, swr, event-listeners, subscription
---
## Deduplicate Global Event Listeners
Use `useSWRSubscription()` to share global event listeners across component instances.
**Incorrect (N instances = N listeners):**
```tsx
function useKeyboardShortcut(key: string, callback: () => void) {
useEffect(() => {
const handler = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
if (e.metaKey && e.key === key) {
callback()
}
}
window.addEventListener('keydown', handler)
return () => window.removeEventListener('keydown', handler)
}, [key, callback])
}
```
When using the `useKeyboardShortcut` hook multiple times, each instance will register a new listener.
**Correct (N instances = 1 listener):**
```tsx
import useSWRSubscription from 'swr/subscription'
// Module-level Map to track callbacks per key
const keyCallbacks = new Map<string, Set<() => void>>()
function useKeyboardShortcut(key: string, callback: () => void) {
// Register this callback in the Map
useEffect(() => {
if (!keyCallbacks.has(key)) {
keyCallbacks.set(key, new Set())
}
keyCallbacks.get(key)!.add(callback)
return () => {
const set = keyCallbacks.get(key)
if (set) {
set.delete(callback)
if (set.size === 0) {
keyCallbacks.delete(key)
}
}
}
}, [key, callback])
useSWRSubscription('global-keydown', () => {
const handler = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
if (e.metaKey && keyCallbacks.has(e.key)) {
keyCallbacks.get(e.key)!.forEach(cb => cb())
}
}
window.addEventListener('keydown', handler)
return () => window.removeEventListener('keydown', handler)
})
}
function Profile() {
// Multiple shortcuts will share the same listener
useKeyboardShortcut('p', () => { /* ... */ })
useKeyboardShortcut('k', () => { /* ... */ })
// ...
}
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
---
title: Version and Minimize localStorage Data
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: prevents schema conflicts, reduces storage size
tags: client, localStorage, storage, versioning, data-minimization
---
## Version and Minimize localStorage Data
Add version prefix to keys and store only needed fields. Prevents schema conflicts and accidental storage of sensitive data.
**Incorrect:**
```typescript
// No version, stores everything, no error handling
localStorage.setItem('userConfig', JSON.stringify(fullUserObject))
const data = localStorage.getItem('userConfig')
```
**Correct:**
```typescript
const VERSION = 'v2'
function saveConfig(config: { theme: string; language: string }) {
try {
localStorage.setItem(`userConfig:${VERSION}`, JSON.stringify(config))
} catch {
// Throws in incognito/private browsing, quota exceeded, or disabled
}
}
function loadConfig() {
try {
const data = localStorage.getItem(`userConfig:${VERSION}`)
return data ? JSON.parse(data) : null
} catch {
return null
}
}
// Migration from v1 to v2
function migrate() {
try {
const v1 = localStorage.getItem('userConfig:v1')
if (v1) {
const old = JSON.parse(v1)
saveConfig({ theme: old.darkMode ? 'dark' : 'light', language: old.lang })
localStorage.removeItem('userConfig:v1')
}
} catch {}
}
```
**Store minimal fields from server responses:**
```typescript
// User object has 20+ fields, only store what UI needs
function cachePrefs(user: FullUser) {
try {
localStorage.setItem('prefs:v1', JSON.stringify({
theme: user.preferences.theme,
notifications: user.preferences.notifications
}))
} catch {}
}
```
**Always wrap in try-catch:** `getItem()` and `setItem()` throw in incognito/private browsing (Safari, Firefox), when quota exceeded, or when disabled.
**Benefits:** Schema evolution via versioning, reduced storage size, prevents storing tokens/PII/internal flags.

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@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
---
title: Use Passive Event Listeners for Scrolling Performance
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: eliminates scroll delay caused by event listeners
tags: client, event-listeners, scrolling, performance, touch, wheel
---
## Use Passive Event Listeners for Scrolling Performance
Add `{ passive: true }` to touch and wheel event listeners to enable immediate scrolling. Browsers normally wait for listeners to finish to check if `preventDefault()` is called, causing scroll delay.
**Incorrect:**
```typescript
useEffect(() => {
const handleTouch = (e: TouchEvent) => console.log(e.touches[0].clientX)
const handleWheel = (e: WheelEvent) => console.log(e.deltaY)
document.addEventListener('touchstart', handleTouch)
document.addEventListener('wheel', handleWheel)
return () => {
document.removeEventListener('touchstart', handleTouch)
document.removeEventListener('wheel', handleWheel)
}
}, [])
```
**Correct:**
```typescript
useEffect(() => {
const handleTouch = (e: TouchEvent) => console.log(e.touches[0].clientX)
const handleWheel = (e: WheelEvent) => console.log(e.deltaY)
document.addEventListener('touchstart', handleTouch, { passive: true })
document.addEventListener('wheel', handleWheel, { passive: true })
return () => {
document.removeEventListener('touchstart', handleTouch)
document.removeEventListener('wheel', handleWheel)
}
}, [])
```
**Use passive when:** tracking/analytics, logging, any listener that doesn't call `preventDefault()`.
**Don't use passive when:** implementing custom swipe gestures, custom zoom controls, or any listener that needs `preventDefault()`.

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@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
---
title: Use SWR for Automatic Deduplication
impact: MEDIUM-HIGH
impactDescription: automatic deduplication
tags: client, swr, deduplication, data-fetching
---
## Use SWR for Automatic Deduplication
SWR enables request deduplication, caching, and revalidation across component instances.
**Incorrect (no deduplication, each instance fetches):**
```tsx
function UserList() {
const [users, setUsers] = useState([])
useEffect(() => {
fetch('/api/users')
.then(r => r.json())
.then(setUsers)
}, [])
}
```
**Correct (multiple instances share one request):**
```tsx
import useSWR from 'swr'
function UserList() {
const { data: users } = useSWR('/api/users', fetcher)
}
```
**For immutable data:**
```tsx
import { useImmutableSWR } from '@/lib/swr'
function StaticContent() {
const { data } = useImmutableSWR('/api/config', fetcher)
}
```
**For mutations:**
```tsx
import { useSWRMutation } from 'swr/mutation'
function UpdateButton() {
const { trigger } = useSWRMutation('/api/user', updateUser)
return <button onClick={() => trigger()}>Update</button>
}
```
Reference: [https://swr.vercel.app](https://swr.vercel.app)

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@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
---
title: Avoid Layout Thrashing
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: prevents forced synchronous layouts and reduces performance bottlenecks
tags: javascript, dom, css, performance, reflow, layout-thrashing
---
## Avoid Layout Thrashing
Avoid interleaving style writes with layout reads. When you read a layout property (like `offsetWidth`, `getBoundingClientRect()`, or `getComputedStyle()`) between style changes, the browser is forced to trigger a synchronous reflow.
**This is OK (browser batches style changes):**
```typescript
function updateElementStyles(element: HTMLElement) {
// Each line invalidates style, but browser batches the recalculation
element.style.width = '100px'
element.style.height = '200px'
element.style.backgroundColor = 'blue'
element.style.border = '1px solid black'
}
```
**Incorrect (interleaved reads and writes force reflows):**
```typescript
function layoutThrashing(element: HTMLElement) {
element.style.width = '100px'
const width = element.offsetWidth // Forces reflow
element.style.height = '200px'
const height = element.offsetHeight // Forces another reflow
}
```
**Correct (batch writes, then read once):**
```typescript
function updateElementStyles(element: HTMLElement) {
// Batch all writes together
element.style.width = '100px'
element.style.height = '200px'
element.style.backgroundColor = 'blue'
element.style.border = '1px solid black'
// Read after all writes are done (single reflow)
const { width, height } = element.getBoundingClientRect()
}
```
**Correct (batch reads, then writes):**
```typescript
function avoidThrashing(element: HTMLElement) {
// Read phase - all layout queries first
const rect1 = element.getBoundingClientRect()
const offsetWidth = element.offsetWidth
const offsetHeight = element.offsetHeight
// Write phase - all style changes after
element.style.width = '100px'
element.style.height = '200px'
}
```
**Better: use CSS classes**
```css
.highlighted-box {
width: 100px;
height: 200px;
background-color: blue;
border: 1px solid black;
}
```
```typescript
function updateElementStyles(element: HTMLElement) {
element.classList.add('highlighted-box')
const { width, height } = element.getBoundingClientRect()
}
```
**React example:**
```tsx
// Incorrect: interleaving style changes with layout queries
function Box({ isHighlighted }: { isHighlighted: boolean }) {
const ref = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
useEffect(() => {
if (ref.current && isHighlighted) {
ref.current.style.width = '100px'
const width = ref.current.offsetWidth // Forces layout
ref.current.style.height = '200px'
}
}, [isHighlighted])
return <div ref={ref}>Content</div>
}
// Correct: toggle class
function Box({ isHighlighted }: { isHighlighted: boolean }) {
return (
<div className={isHighlighted ? 'highlighted-box' : ''}>
Content
</div>
)
}
```
Prefer CSS classes over inline styles when possible. CSS files are cached by the browser, and classes provide better separation of concerns and are easier to maintain.
See [this gist](https://gist.github.com/paulirish/5d52fb081b3570c81e3a) and [CSS Triggers](https://csstriggers.com/) for more information on layout-forcing operations.

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---
title: Cache Repeated Function Calls
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoid redundant computation
tags: javascript, cache, memoization, performance
---
## Cache Repeated Function Calls
Use a module-level Map to cache function results when the same function is called repeatedly with the same inputs during render.
**Incorrect (redundant computation):**
```typescript
function ProjectList({ projects }: { projects: Project[] }) {
return (
<div>
{projects.map(project => {
// slugify() called 100+ times for same project names
const slug = slugify(project.name)
return <ProjectCard key={project.id} slug={slug} />
})}
</div>
)
}
```
**Correct (cached results):**
```typescript
// Module-level cache
const slugifyCache = new Map<string, string>()
function cachedSlugify(text: string): string {
if (slugifyCache.has(text)) {
return slugifyCache.get(text)!
}
const result = slugify(text)
slugifyCache.set(text, result)
return result
}
function ProjectList({ projects }: { projects: Project[] }) {
return (
<div>
{projects.map(project => {
// Computed only once per unique project name
const slug = cachedSlugify(project.name)
return <ProjectCard key={project.id} slug={slug} />
})}
</div>
)
}
```
**Simpler pattern for single-value functions:**
```typescript
let isLoggedInCache: boolean | null = null
function isLoggedIn(): boolean {
if (isLoggedInCache !== null) {
return isLoggedInCache
}
isLoggedInCache = document.cookie.includes('auth=')
return isLoggedInCache
}
// Clear cache when auth changes
function onAuthChange() {
isLoggedInCache = null
}
```
Use a Map (not a hook) so it works everywhere: utilities, event handlers, not just React components.
Reference: [How we made the Vercel Dashboard twice as fast](https://vercel.com/blog/how-we-made-the-vercel-dashboard-twice-as-fast)

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@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
---
title: Cache Property Access in Loops
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: reduces lookups
tags: javascript, loops, optimization, caching
---
## Cache Property Access in Loops
Cache object property lookups in hot paths.
**Incorrect (3 lookups × N iterations):**
```typescript
for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
process(obj.config.settings.value)
}
```
**Correct (1 lookup total):**
```typescript
const value = obj.config.settings.value
const len = arr.length
for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
process(value)
}
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
---
title: Cache Storage API Calls
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: reduces expensive I/O
tags: javascript, localStorage, storage, caching, performance
---
## Cache Storage API Calls
`localStorage`, `sessionStorage`, and `document.cookie` are synchronous and expensive. Cache reads in memory.
**Incorrect (reads storage on every call):**
```typescript
function getTheme() {
return localStorage.getItem('theme') ?? 'light'
}
// Called 10 times = 10 storage reads
```
**Correct (Map cache):**
```typescript
const storageCache = new Map<string, string | null>()
function getLocalStorage(key: string) {
if (!storageCache.has(key)) {
storageCache.set(key, localStorage.getItem(key))
}
return storageCache.get(key)
}
function setLocalStorage(key: string, value: string) {
localStorage.setItem(key, value)
storageCache.set(key, value) // keep cache in sync
}
```
Use a Map (not a hook) so it works everywhere: utilities, event handlers, not just React components.
**Cookie caching:**
```typescript
let cookieCache: Record<string, string> | null = null
function getCookie(name: string) {
if (!cookieCache) {
cookieCache = Object.fromEntries(
document.cookie.split('; ').map(c => c.split('='))
)
}
return cookieCache[name]
}
```
**Important (invalidate on external changes):**
If storage can change externally (another tab, server-set cookies), invalidate cache:
```typescript
window.addEventListener('storage', (e) => {
if (e.key) storageCache.delete(e.key)
})
document.addEventListener('visibilitychange', () => {
if (document.visibilityState === 'visible') {
storageCache.clear()
}
})
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
---
title: Combine Multiple Array Iterations
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: reduces iterations
tags: javascript, arrays, loops, performance
---
## Combine Multiple Array Iterations
Multiple `.filter()` or `.map()` calls iterate the array multiple times. Combine into one loop.
**Incorrect (3 iterations):**
```typescript
const admins = users.filter(u => u.isAdmin)
const testers = users.filter(u => u.isTester)
const inactive = users.filter(u => !u.isActive)
```
**Correct (1 iteration):**
```typescript
const admins: User[] = []
const testers: User[] = []
const inactive: User[] = []
for (const user of users) {
if (user.isAdmin) admins.push(user)
if (user.isTester) testers.push(user)
if (!user.isActive) inactive.push(user)
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
---
title: Early Return from Functions
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids unnecessary computation
tags: javascript, functions, optimization, early-return
---
## Early Return from Functions
Return early when result is determined to skip unnecessary processing.
**Incorrect (processes all items even after finding answer):**
```typescript
function validateUsers(users: User[]) {
let hasError = false
let errorMessage = ''
for (const user of users) {
if (!user.email) {
hasError = true
errorMessage = 'Email required'
}
if (!user.name) {
hasError = true
errorMessage = 'Name required'
}
// Continues checking all users even after error found
}
return hasError ? { valid: false, error: errorMessage } : { valid: true }
}
```
**Correct (returns immediately on first error):**
```typescript
function validateUsers(users: User[]) {
for (const user of users) {
if (!user.email) {
return { valid: false, error: 'Email required' }
}
if (!user.name) {
return { valid: false, error: 'Name required' }
}
}
return { valid: true }
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
---
title: Use flatMap to Map and Filter in One Pass
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: eliminates intermediate array
tags: javascript, arrays, flatMap, filter, performance
---
## Use flatMap to Map and Filter in One Pass
**Impact: LOW-MEDIUM (eliminates intermediate array)**
Chaining `.map().filter(Boolean)` creates an intermediate array and iterates twice. Use `.flatMap()` to transform and filter in a single pass.
**Incorrect (2 iterations, intermediate array):**
```typescript
const userNames = users
.map(user => user.isActive ? user.name : null)
.filter(Boolean)
```
**Correct (1 iteration, no intermediate array):**
```typescript
const userNames = users.flatMap(user =>
user.isActive ? [user.name] : []
)
```
**More examples:**
```typescript
// Extract valid emails from responses
// Before
const emails = responses
.map(r => r.success ? r.data.email : null)
.filter(Boolean)
// After
const emails = responses.flatMap(r =>
r.success ? [r.data.email] : []
)
// Parse and filter valid numbers
// Before
const numbers = strings
.map(s => parseInt(s, 10))
.filter(n => !isNaN(n))
// After
const numbers = strings.flatMap(s => {
const n = parseInt(s, 10)
return isNaN(n) ? [] : [n]
})
```
**When to use:**
- Transforming items while filtering some out
- Conditional mapping where some inputs produce no output
- Parsing/validating where invalid inputs should be skipped

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
---
title: Hoist RegExp Creation
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids recreation
tags: javascript, regexp, optimization, memoization
---
## Hoist RegExp Creation
Don't create RegExp inside render. Hoist to module scope or memoize with `useMemo()`.
**Incorrect (new RegExp every render):**
```tsx
function Highlighter({ text, query }: Props) {
const regex = new RegExp(`(${query})`, 'gi')
const parts = text.split(regex)
return <>{parts.map((part, i) => ...)}</>
}
```
**Correct (memoize or hoist):**
```tsx
const EMAIL_REGEX = /^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+\.[^\s@]+$/
function Highlighter({ text, query }: Props) {
const regex = useMemo(
() => new RegExp(`(${escapeRegex(query)})`, 'gi'),
[query]
)
const parts = text.split(regex)
return <>{parts.map((part, i) => ...)}</>
}
```
**Warning (global regex has mutable state):**
Global regex (`/g`) has mutable `lastIndex` state:
```typescript
const regex = /foo/g
regex.test('foo') // true, lastIndex = 3
regex.test('foo') // false, lastIndex = 0
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
---
title: Build Index Maps for Repeated Lookups
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: 1M ops to 2K ops
tags: javascript, map, indexing, optimization, performance
---
## Build Index Maps for Repeated Lookups
Multiple `.find()` calls by the same key should use a Map.
**Incorrect (O(n) per lookup):**
```typescript
function processOrders(orders: Order[], users: User[]) {
return orders.map(order => ({
...order,
user: users.find(u => u.id === order.userId)
}))
}
```
**Correct (O(1) per lookup):**
```typescript
function processOrders(orders: Order[], users: User[]) {
const userById = new Map(users.map(u => [u.id, u]))
return orders.map(order => ({
...order,
user: userById.get(order.userId)
}))
}
```
Build map once (O(n)), then all lookups are O(1).
For 1000 orders × 1000 users: 1M ops → 2K ops.

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---
title: Early Length Check for Array Comparisons
impact: MEDIUM-HIGH
impactDescription: avoids expensive operations when lengths differ
tags: javascript, arrays, performance, optimization, comparison
---
## Early Length Check for Array Comparisons
When comparing arrays with expensive operations (sorting, deep equality, serialization), check lengths first. If lengths differ, the arrays cannot be equal.
In real-world applications, this optimization is especially valuable when the comparison runs in hot paths (event handlers, render loops).
**Incorrect (always runs expensive comparison):**
```typescript
function hasChanges(current: string[], original: string[]) {
// Always sorts and joins, even when lengths differ
return current.sort().join() !== original.sort().join()
}
```
Two O(n log n) sorts run even when `current.length` is 5 and `original.length` is 100. There is also overhead of joining the arrays and comparing the strings.
**Correct (O(1) length check first):**
```typescript
function hasChanges(current: string[], original: string[]) {
// Early return if lengths differ
if (current.length !== original.length) {
return true
}
// Only sort when lengths match
const currentSorted = current.toSorted()
const originalSorted = original.toSorted()
for (let i = 0; i < currentSorted.length; i++) {
if (currentSorted[i] !== originalSorted[i]) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
```
This new approach is more efficient because:
- It avoids the overhead of sorting and joining the arrays when lengths differ
- It avoids consuming memory for the joined strings (especially important for large arrays)
- It avoids mutating the original arrays
- It returns early when a difference is found

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---
title: Use Loop for Min/Max Instead of Sort
impact: LOW
impactDescription: O(n) instead of O(n log n)
tags: javascript, arrays, performance, sorting, algorithms
---
## Use Loop for Min/Max Instead of Sort
Finding the smallest or largest element only requires a single pass through the array. Sorting is wasteful and slower.
**Incorrect (O(n log n) - sort to find latest):**
```typescript
interface Project {
id: string
name: string
updatedAt: number
}
function getLatestProject(projects: Project[]) {
const sorted = [...projects].sort((a, b) => b.updatedAt - a.updatedAt)
return sorted[0]
}
```
Sorts the entire array just to find the maximum value.
**Incorrect (O(n log n) - sort for oldest and newest):**
```typescript
function getOldestAndNewest(projects: Project[]) {
const sorted = [...projects].sort((a, b) => a.updatedAt - b.updatedAt)
return { oldest: sorted[0], newest: sorted[sorted.length - 1] }
}
```
Still sorts unnecessarily when only min/max are needed.
**Correct (O(n) - single loop):**
```typescript
function getLatestProject(projects: Project[]) {
if (projects.length === 0) return null
let latest = projects[0]
for (let i = 1; i < projects.length; i++) {
if (projects[i].updatedAt > latest.updatedAt) {
latest = projects[i]
}
}
return latest
}
function getOldestAndNewest(projects: Project[]) {
if (projects.length === 0) return { oldest: null, newest: null }
let oldest = projects[0]
let newest = projects[0]
for (let i = 1; i < projects.length; i++) {
if (projects[i].updatedAt < oldest.updatedAt) oldest = projects[i]
if (projects[i].updatedAt > newest.updatedAt) newest = projects[i]
}
return { oldest, newest }
}
```
Single pass through the array, no copying, no sorting.
**Alternative (Math.min/Math.max for small arrays):**
```typescript
const numbers = [5, 2, 8, 1, 9]
const min = Math.min(...numbers)
const max = Math.max(...numbers)
```
This works for small arrays, but can be slower or just throw an error for very large arrays due to spread operator limitations. Maximal array length is approximately 124000 in Chrome 143 and 638000 in Safari 18; exact numbers may vary - see [the fiddle](https://jsfiddle.net/qw1jabsx/4/). Use the loop approach for reliability.

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---
title: Defer Non-Critical Work with requestIdleCallback
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: keeps UI responsive during background tasks
tags: javascript, performance, idle, scheduling, analytics
---
## Defer Non-Critical Work with requestIdleCallback
**Impact: MEDIUM (keeps UI responsive during background tasks)**
Use `requestIdleCallback()` to schedule non-critical work during browser idle periods. This keeps the main thread free for user interactions and animations, reducing jank and improving perceived performance.
**Incorrect (blocks main thread during user interaction):**
```typescript
function handleSearch(query: string) {
const results = searchItems(query)
setResults(results)
// These block the main thread immediately
analytics.track('search', { query })
saveToRecentSearches(query)
prefetchTopResults(results.slice(0, 3))
}
```
**Correct (defers non-critical work to idle time):**
```typescript
function handleSearch(query: string) {
const results = searchItems(query)
setResults(results)
// Defer non-critical work to idle periods
requestIdleCallback(() => {
analytics.track('search', { query })
})
requestIdleCallback(() => {
saveToRecentSearches(query)
})
requestIdleCallback(() => {
prefetchTopResults(results.slice(0, 3))
})
}
```
**With timeout for required work:**
```typescript
// Ensure analytics fires within 2 seconds even if browser stays busy
requestIdleCallback(
() => analytics.track('page_view', { path: location.pathname }),
{ timeout: 2000 }
)
```
**Chunking large tasks:**
```typescript
function processLargeDataset(items: Item[]) {
let index = 0
function processChunk(deadline: IdleDeadline) {
// Process items while we have idle time (aim for <50ms chunks)
while (index < items.length && deadline.timeRemaining() > 0) {
processItem(items[index])
index++
}
// Schedule next chunk if more items remain
if (index < items.length) {
requestIdleCallback(processChunk)
}
}
requestIdleCallback(processChunk)
}
```
**With fallback for unsupported browsers:**
```typescript
const scheduleIdleWork = window.requestIdleCallback ?? ((cb: () => void) => setTimeout(cb, 1))
scheduleIdleWork(() => {
// Non-critical work
})
```
**When to use:**
- Analytics and telemetry
- Saving state to localStorage/IndexedDB
- Prefetching resources for likely next actions
- Processing non-urgent data transformations
- Lazy initialization of non-critical features
**When NOT to use:**
- User-initiated actions that need immediate feedback
- Rendering updates the user is waiting for
- Time-sensitive operations

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---
title: Use Set/Map for O(1) Lookups
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: O(n) to O(1)
tags: javascript, set, map, data-structures, performance
---
## Use Set/Map for O(1) Lookups
Convert arrays to Set/Map for repeated membership checks.
**Incorrect (O(n) per check):**
```typescript
const allowedIds = ['a', 'b', 'c', ...]
items.filter(item => allowedIds.includes(item.id))
```
**Correct (O(1) per check):**
```typescript
const allowedIds = new Set(['a', 'b', 'c', ...])
items.filter(item => allowedIds.has(item.id))
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
---
title: Use toSorted() Instead of sort() for Immutability
impact: MEDIUM-HIGH
impactDescription: prevents mutation bugs in React state
tags: javascript, arrays, immutability, react, state, mutation
---
## Use toSorted() Instead of sort() for Immutability
`.sort()` mutates the array in place, which can cause bugs with React state and props. Use `.toSorted()` to create a new sorted array without mutation.
**Incorrect (mutates original array):**
```typescript
function UserList({ users }: { users: User[] }) {
// Mutates the users prop array!
const sorted = useMemo(
() => users.sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name)),
[users]
)
return <div>{sorted.map(renderUser)}</div>
}
```
**Correct (creates new array):**
```typescript
function UserList({ users }: { users: User[] }) {
// Creates new sorted array, original unchanged
const sorted = useMemo(
() => users.toSorted((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name)),
[users]
)
return <div>{sorted.map(renderUser)}</div>
}
```
**Why this matters in React:**
1. Props/state mutations break React's immutability model - React expects props and state to be treated as read-only
2. Causes stale closure bugs - Mutating arrays inside closures (callbacks, effects) can lead to unexpected behavior
**Browser support (fallback for older browsers):**
`.toSorted()` is available in all modern browsers (Chrome 110+, Safari 16+, Firefox 115+, Node.js 20+). For older environments, use spread operator:
```typescript
// Fallback for older browsers
const sorted = [...items].sort((a, b) => a.value - b.value)
```
**Other immutable array methods:**
- `.toSorted()` - immutable sort
- `.toReversed()` - immutable reverse
- `.toSpliced()` - immutable splice
- `.with()` - immutable element replacement

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
---
title: Use Activity Component for Show/Hide
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: preserves state/DOM
tags: rendering, activity, visibility, state-preservation
---
## Use Activity Component for Show/Hide
Use React's `<Activity>` to preserve state/DOM for expensive components that frequently toggle visibility.
**Usage:**
```tsx
import { Activity } from 'react'
function Dropdown({ isOpen }: Props) {
return (
<Activity mode={isOpen ? 'visible' : 'hidden'}>
<ExpensiveMenu />
</Activity>
)
}
```
Avoids expensive re-renders and state loss.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
---
title: Animate SVG Wrapper Instead of SVG Element
impact: LOW
impactDescription: enables hardware acceleration
tags: rendering, svg, css, animation, performance
---
## Animate SVG Wrapper Instead of SVG Element
Many browsers don't have hardware acceleration for CSS3 animations on SVG elements. Wrap SVG in a `<div>` and animate the wrapper instead.
**Incorrect (animating SVG directly - no hardware acceleration):**
```tsx
function LoadingSpinner() {
return (
<svg
className="animate-spin"
width="24"
height="24"
viewBox="0 0 24 24"
>
<circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" />
</svg>
)
}
```
**Correct (animating wrapper div - hardware accelerated):**
```tsx
function LoadingSpinner() {
return (
<div className="animate-spin">
<svg
width="24"
height="24"
viewBox="0 0 24 24"
>
<circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" />
</svg>
</div>
)
}
```
This applies to all CSS transforms and transitions (`transform`, `opacity`, `translate`, `scale`, `rotate`). The wrapper div allows browsers to use GPU acceleration for smoother animations.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
---
title: Use Explicit Conditional Rendering
impact: LOW
impactDescription: prevents rendering 0 or NaN
tags: rendering, conditional, jsx, falsy-values
---
## Use Explicit Conditional Rendering
Use explicit ternary operators (`? :`) instead of `&&` for conditional rendering when the condition can be `0`, `NaN`, or other falsy values that render.
**Incorrect (renders "0" when count is 0):**
```tsx
function Badge({ count }: { count: number }) {
return (
<div>
{count && <span className="badge">{count}</span>}
</div>
)
}
// When count = 0, renders: <div>0</div>
// When count = 5, renders: <div><span class="badge">5</span></div>
```
**Correct (renders nothing when count is 0):**
```tsx
function Badge({ count }: { count: number }) {
return (
<div>
{count > 0 ? <span className="badge">{count}</span> : null}
</div>
)
}
// When count = 0, renders: <div></div>
// When count = 5, renders: <div><span class="badge">5</span></div>
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
---
title: CSS content-visibility for Long Lists
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: faster initial render
tags: rendering, css, content-visibility, long-lists
---
## CSS content-visibility for Long Lists
Apply `content-visibility: auto` to defer off-screen rendering.
**CSS:**
```css
.message-item {
content-visibility: auto;
contain-intrinsic-size: 0 80px;
}
```
**Example:**
```tsx
function MessageList({ messages }: { messages: Message[] }) {
return (
<div className="overflow-y-auto h-screen">
{messages.map(msg => (
<div key={msg.id} className="message-item">
<Avatar user={msg.author} />
<div>{msg.content}</div>
</div>
))}
</div>
)
}
```
For 1000 messages, browser skips layout/paint for ~990 off-screen items (10× faster initial render).

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
---
title: Hoist Static JSX Elements
impact: LOW
impactDescription: avoids re-creation
tags: rendering, jsx, static, optimization
---
## Hoist Static JSX Elements
Extract static JSX outside components to avoid re-creation.
**Incorrect (recreates element every render):**
```tsx
function LoadingSkeleton() {
return <div className="animate-pulse h-20 bg-gray-200" />
}
function Container() {
return (
<div>
{loading && <LoadingSkeleton />}
</div>
)
}
```
**Correct (reuses same element):**
```tsx
const loadingSkeleton = (
<div className="animate-pulse h-20 bg-gray-200" />
)
function Container() {
return (
<div>
{loading && loadingSkeleton}
</div>
)
}
```
This is especially helpful for large and static SVG nodes, which can be expensive to recreate on every render.
**Note:** If your project has [React Compiler](https://react.dev/learn/react-compiler) enabled, the compiler automatically hoists static JSX elements and optimizes component re-renders, making manual hoisting unnecessary.

View File

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---
title: Prevent Hydration Mismatch Without Flickering
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids visual flicker and hydration errors
tags: rendering, ssr, hydration, localStorage, flicker
---
## Prevent Hydration Mismatch Without Flickering
When rendering content that depends on client-side storage (localStorage, cookies), avoid both SSR breakage and post-hydration flickering by injecting a synchronous script that updates the DOM before React hydrates.
**Incorrect (breaks SSR):**
```tsx
function ThemeWrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
// localStorage is not available on server - throws error
const theme = localStorage.getItem('theme') || 'light'
return (
<div className={theme}>
{children}
</div>
)
}
```
Server-side rendering will fail because `localStorage` is undefined.
**Incorrect (visual flickering):**
```tsx
function ThemeWrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
const [theme, setTheme] = useState('light')
useEffect(() => {
// Runs after hydration - causes visible flash
const stored = localStorage.getItem('theme')
if (stored) {
setTheme(stored)
}
}, [])
return (
<div className={theme}>
{children}
</div>
)
}
```
Component first renders with default value (`light`), then updates after hydration, causing a visible flash of incorrect content.
**Correct (no flicker, no hydration mismatch):**
```tsx
function ThemeWrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
return (
<>
<div id="theme-wrapper">
{children}
</div>
<script
dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{
__html: `
(function() {
try {
var theme = localStorage.getItem('theme') || 'light';
var el = document.getElementById('theme-wrapper');
if (el) el.className = theme;
} catch (e) {}
})();
`,
}}
/>
</>
)
}
```
The inline script executes synchronously before showing the element, ensuring the DOM already has the correct value. No flickering, no hydration mismatch.
This pattern is especially useful for theme toggles, user preferences, authentication states, and any client-only data that should render immediately without flashing default values.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
---
title: Suppress Expected Hydration Mismatches
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids noisy hydration warnings for known differences
tags: rendering, hydration, ssr, nextjs
---
## Suppress Expected Hydration Mismatches
In SSR frameworks (e.g., Next.js), some values are intentionally different on server vs client (random IDs, dates, locale/timezone formatting). For these *expected* mismatches, wrap the dynamic text in an element with `suppressHydrationWarning` to prevent noisy warnings. Do not use this to hide real bugs. Dont overuse it.
**Incorrect (known mismatch warnings):**
```tsx
function Timestamp() {
return <span>{new Date().toLocaleString()}</span>
}
```
**Correct (suppress expected mismatch only):**
```tsx
function Timestamp() {
return (
<span suppressHydrationWarning>
{new Date().toLocaleString()}
</span>
)
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
---
title: Use React DOM Resource Hints
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: reduces load time for critical resources
tags: rendering, preload, preconnect, prefetch, resource-hints
---
## Use React DOM Resource Hints
**Impact: HIGH (reduces load time for critical resources)**
React DOM provides APIs to hint the browser about resources it will need. These are especially useful in server components to start loading resources before the client even receives the HTML.
- **`prefetchDNS(href)`**: Resolve DNS for a domain you expect to connect to
- **`preconnect(href)`**: Establish connection (DNS + TCP + TLS) to a server
- **`preload(href, options)`**: Fetch a resource (stylesheet, font, script, image) you'll use soon
- **`preloadModule(href)`**: Fetch an ES module you'll use soon
- **`preinit(href, options)`**: Fetch and evaluate a stylesheet or script
- **`preinitModule(href)`**: Fetch and evaluate an ES module
**Example (preconnect to third-party APIs):**
```tsx
import { preconnect, prefetchDNS } from 'react-dom'
export default function App() {
prefetchDNS('https://analytics.example.com')
preconnect('https://api.example.com')
return <main>{/* content */}</main>
}
```
**Example (preload critical fonts and styles):**
```tsx
import { preload, preinit } from 'react-dom'
export default function RootLayout({ children }) {
// Preload font file
preload('/fonts/inter.woff2', { as: 'font', type: 'font/woff2', crossOrigin: 'anonymous' })
// Fetch and apply critical stylesheet immediately
preinit('/styles/critical.css', { as: 'style' })
return (
<html>
<body>{children}</body>
</html>
)
}
```
**Example (preload modules for code-split routes):**
```tsx
import { preloadModule, preinitModule } from 'react-dom'
function Navigation() {
const preloadDashboard = () => {
preloadModule('/dashboard.js', { as: 'script' })
}
return (
<nav>
<a href="/dashboard" onMouseEnter={preloadDashboard}>
Dashboard
</a>
</nav>
)
}
```
**When to use each:**
| API | Use case |
|-----|----------|
| `prefetchDNS` | Third-party domains you'll connect to later |
| `preconnect` | APIs or CDNs you'll fetch from immediately |
| `preload` | Critical resources needed for current page |
| `preloadModule` | JS modules for likely next navigation |
| `preinit` | Stylesheets/scripts that must execute early |
| `preinitModule` | ES modules that must execute early |
Reference: [React DOM Resource Preloading APIs](https://react.dev/reference/react-dom#resource-preloading-apis)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
---
title: Use defer or async on Script Tags
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: eliminates render-blocking
tags: rendering, script, defer, async, performance
---
## Use defer or async on Script Tags
**Impact: HIGH (eliminates render-blocking)**
Script tags without `defer` or `async` block HTML parsing while the script downloads and executes. This delays First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive.
- **`defer`**: Downloads in parallel, executes after HTML parsing completes, maintains execution order
- **`async`**: Downloads in parallel, executes immediately when ready, no guaranteed order
Use `defer` for scripts that depend on DOM or other scripts. Use `async` for independent scripts like analytics.
**Incorrect (blocks rendering):**
```tsx
export default function Document() {
return (
<html>
<head>
<script src="https://example.com/analytics.js" />
<script src="/scripts/utils.js" />
</head>
<body>{/* content */}</body>
</html>
)
}
```
**Correct (non-blocking):**
```tsx
export default function Document() {
return (
<html>
<head>
{/* Independent script - use async */}
<script src="https://example.com/analytics.js" async />
{/* DOM-dependent script - use defer */}
<script src="/scripts/utils.js" defer />
</head>
<body>{/* content */}</body>
</html>
)
}
```
**Note:** In Next.js, prefer the `next/script` component with `strategy` prop instead of raw script tags:
```tsx
import Script from 'next/script'
export default function Page() {
return (
<>
<Script src="https://example.com/analytics.js" strategy="afterInteractive" />
<Script src="/scripts/utils.js" strategy="beforeInteractive" />
</>
)
}
```
Reference: [MDN - Script element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/script#defer)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
---
title: Optimize SVG Precision
impact: LOW
impactDescription: reduces file size
tags: rendering, svg, optimization, svgo
---
## Optimize SVG Precision
Reduce SVG coordinate precision to decrease file size. The optimal precision depends on the viewBox size, but in general reducing precision should be considered.
**Incorrect (excessive precision):**
```svg
<path d="M 10.293847 20.847362 L 30.938472 40.192837" />
```
**Correct (1 decimal place):**
```svg
<path d="M 10.3 20.8 L 30.9 40.2" />
```
**Automate with SVGO:**
```bash
npx svgo --precision=1 --multipass icon.svg
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
---
title: Use useTransition Over Manual Loading States
impact: LOW
impactDescription: reduces re-renders and improves code clarity
tags: rendering, transitions, useTransition, loading, state
---
## Use useTransition Over Manual Loading States
Use `useTransition` instead of manual `useState` for loading states. This provides built-in `isPending` state and automatically manages transitions.
**Incorrect (manual loading state):**
```tsx
function SearchResults() {
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
const [results, setResults] = useState([])
const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(false)
const handleSearch = async (value: string) => {
setIsLoading(true)
setQuery(value)
const data = await fetchResults(value)
setResults(data)
setIsLoading(false)
}
return (
<>
<input onChange={(e) => handleSearch(e.target.value)} />
{isLoading && <Spinner />}
<ResultsList results={results} />
</>
)
}
```
**Correct (useTransition with built-in pending state):**
```tsx
import { useTransition, useState } from 'react'
function SearchResults() {
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
const [results, setResults] = useState([])
const [isPending, startTransition] = useTransition()
const handleSearch = (value: string) => {
setQuery(value) // Update input immediately
startTransition(async () => {
// Fetch and update results
const data = await fetchResults(value)
setResults(data)
})
}
return (
<>
<input onChange={(e) => handleSearch(e.target.value)} />
{isPending && <Spinner />}
<ResultsList results={results} />
</>
)
}
```
**Benefits:**
- **Automatic pending state**: No need to manually manage `setIsLoading(true/false)`
- **Error resilience**: Pending state correctly resets even if the transition throws
- **Better responsiveness**: Keeps the UI responsive during updates
- **Interrupt handling**: New transitions automatically cancel pending ones
Reference: [useTransition](https://react.dev/reference/react/useTransition)

View File

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---
title: Defer State Reads to Usage Point
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids unnecessary subscriptions
tags: rerender, searchParams, localStorage, optimization
---
## Defer State Reads to Usage Point
Don't subscribe to dynamic state (searchParams, localStorage) if you only read it inside callbacks.
**Incorrect (subscribes to all searchParams changes):**
```tsx
function ShareButton({ chatId }: { chatId: string }) {
const searchParams = useSearchParams()
const handleShare = () => {
const ref = searchParams.get('ref')
shareChat(chatId, { ref })
}
return <button onClick={handleShare}>Share</button>
}
```
**Correct (reads on demand, no subscription):**
```tsx
function ShareButton({ chatId }: { chatId: string }) {
const handleShare = () => {
const params = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search)
const ref = params.get('ref')
shareChat(chatId, { ref })
}
return <button onClick={handleShare}>Share</button>
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
---
title: Narrow Effect Dependencies
impact: LOW
impactDescription: minimizes effect re-runs
tags: rerender, useEffect, dependencies, optimization
---
## Narrow Effect Dependencies
Specify primitive dependencies instead of objects to minimize effect re-runs.
**Incorrect (re-runs on any user field change):**
```tsx
useEffect(() => {
console.log(user.id)
}, [user])
```
**Correct (re-runs only when id changes):**
```tsx
useEffect(() => {
console.log(user.id)
}, [user.id])
```
**For derived state, compute outside effect:**
```tsx
// Incorrect: runs on width=767, 766, 765...
useEffect(() => {
if (width < 768) {
enableMobileMode()
}
}, [width])
// Correct: runs only on boolean transition
const isMobile = width < 768
useEffect(() => {
if (isMobile) {
enableMobileMode()
}
}, [isMobile])
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
---
title: Calculate Derived State During Rendering
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids redundant renders and state drift
tags: rerender, derived-state, useEffect, state
---
## Calculate Derived State During Rendering
If a value can be computed from current props/state, do not store it in state or update it in an effect. Derive it during render to avoid extra renders and state drift. Do not set state in effects solely in response to prop changes; prefer derived values or keyed resets instead.
**Incorrect (redundant state and effect):**
```tsx
function Form() {
const [firstName, setFirstName] = useState('First')
const [lastName, setLastName] = useState('Last')
const [fullName, setFullName] = useState('')
useEffect(() => {
setFullName(firstName + ' ' + lastName)
}, [firstName, lastName])
return <p>{fullName}</p>
}
```
**Correct (derive during render):**
```tsx
function Form() {
const [firstName, setFirstName] = useState('First')
const [lastName, setLastName] = useState('Last')
const fullName = firstName + ' ' + lastName
return <p>{fullName}</p>
}
```
References: [You Might Not Need an Effect](https://react.dev/learn/you-might-not-need-an-effect)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
---
title: Subscribe to Derived State
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: reduces re-render frequency
tags: rerender, derived-state, media-query, optimization
---
## Subscribe to Derived State
Subscribe to derived boolean state instead of continuous values to reduce re-render frequency.
**Incorrect (re-renders on every pixel change):**
```tsx
function Sidebar() {
const width = useWindowWidth() // updates continuously
const isMobile = width < 768
return <nav className={isMobile ? 'mobile' : 'desktop'} />
}
```
**Correct (re-renders only when boolean changes):**
```tsx
function Sidebar() {
const isMobile = useMediaQuery('(max-width: 767px)')
return <nav className={isMobile ? 'mobile' : 'desktop'} />
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
---
title: Use Functional setState Updates
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: prevents stale closures and unnecessary callback recreations
tags: react, hooks, useState, useCallback, callbacks, closures
---
## Use Functional setState Updates
When updating state based on the current state value, use the functional update form of setState instead of directly referencing the state variable. This prevents stale closures, eliminates unnecessary dependencies, and creates stable callback references.
**Incorrect (requires state as dependency):**
```tsx
function TodoList() {
const [items, setItems] = useState(initialItems)
// Callback must depend on items, recreated on every items change
const addItems = useCallback((newItems: Item[]) => {
setItems([...items, ...newItems])
}, [items]) // ❌ items dependency causes recreations
// Risk of stale closure if dependency is forgotten
const removeItem = useCallback((id: string) => {
setItems(items.filter(item => item.id !== id))
}, []) // ❌ Missing items dependency - will use stale items!
return <ItemsEditor items={items} onAdd={addItems} onRemove={removeItem} />
}
```
The first callback is recreated every time `items` changes, which can cause child components to re-render unnecessarily. The second callback has a stale closure bug—it will always reference the initial `items` value.
**Correct (stable callbacks, no stale closures):**
```tsx
function TodoList() {
const [items, setItems] = useState(initialItems)
// Stable callback, never recreated
const addItems = useCallback((newItems: Item[]) => {
setItems(curr => [...curr, ...newItems])
}, []) // ✅ No dependencies needed
// Always uses latest state, no stale closure risk
const removeItem = useCallback((id: string) => {
setItems(curr => curr.filter(item => item.id !== id))
}, []) // ✅ Safe and stable
return <ItemsEditor items={items} onAdd={addItems} onRemove={removeItem} />
}
```
**Benefits:**
1. **Stable callback references** - Callbacks don't need to be recreated when state changes
2. **No stale closures** - Always operates on the latest state value
3. **Fewer dependencies** - Simplifies dependency arrays and reduces memory leaks
4. **Prevents bugs** - Eliminates the most common source of React closure bugs
**When to use functional updates:**
- Any setState that depends on the current state value
- Inside useCallback/useMemo when state is needed
- Event handlers that reference state
- Async operations that update state
**When direct updates are fine:**
- Setting state to a static value: `setCount(0)`
- Setting state from props/arguments only: `setName(newName)`
- State doesn't depend on previous value
**Note:** If your project has [React Compiler](https://react.dev/learn/react-compiler) enabled, the compiler can automatically optimize some cases, but functional updates are still recommended for correctness and to prevent stale closure bugs.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
---
title: Use Lazy State Initialization
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: wasted computation on every render
tags: react, hooks, useState, performance, initialization
---
## Use Lazy State Initialization
Pass a function to `useState` for expensive initial values. Without the function form, the initializer runs on every render even though the value is only used once.
**Incorrect (runs on every render):**
```tsx
function FilteredList({ items }: { items: Item[] }) {
// buildSearchIndex() runs on EVERY render, even after initialization
const [searchIndex, setSearchIndex] = useState(buildSearchIndex(items))
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
// When query changes, buildSearchIndex runs again unnecessarily
return <SearchResults index={searchIndex} query={query} />
}
function UserProfile() {
// JSON.parse runs on every render
const [settings, setSettings] = useState(
JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('settings') || '{}')
)
return <SettingsForm settings={settings} onChange={setSettings} />
}
```
**Correct (runs only once):**
```tsx
function FilteredList({ items }: { items: Item[] }) {
// buildSearchIndex() runs ONLY on initial render
const [searchIndex, setSearchIndex] = useState(() => buildSearchIndex(items))
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
return <SearchResults index={searchIndex} query={query} />
}
function UserProfile() {
// JSON.parse runs only on initial render
const [settings, setSettings] = useState(() => {
const stored = localStorage.getItem('settings')
return stored ? JSON.parse(stored) : {}
})
return <SettingsForm settings={settings} onChange={setSettings} />
}
```
Use lazy initialization when computing initial values from localStorage/sessionStorage, building data structures (indexes, maps), reading from the DOM, or performing heavy transformations.
For simple primitives (`useState(0)`), direct references (`useState(props.value)`), or cheap literals (`useState({})`), the function form is unnecessary.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
---
title: Extract Default Non-primitive Parameter Value from Memoized Component to Constant
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: restores memoization by using a constant for default value
tags: rerender, memo, optimization
---
## Extract Default Non-primitive Parameter Value from Memoized Component to Constant
When memoized component has a default value for some non-primitive optional parameter, such as an array, function, or object, calling the component without that parameter results in broken memoization. This is because new value instances are created on every rerender, and they do not pass strict equality comparison in `memo()`.
To address this issue, extract the default value into a constant.
**Incorrect (`onClick` has different values on every rerender):**
```tsx
const UserAvatar = memo(function UserAvatar({ onClick = () => {} }: { onClick?: () => void }) {
// ...
})
// Used without optional onClick
<UserAvatar />
```
**Correct (stable default value):**
```tsx
const NOOP = () => {};
const UserAvatar = memo(function UserAvatar({ onClick = NOOP }: { onClick?: () => void }) {
// ...
})
// Used without optional onClick
<UserAvatar />
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
---
title: Extract to Memoized Components
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: enables early returns
tags: rerender, memo, useMemo, optimization
---
## Extract to Memoized Components
Extract expensive work into memoized components to enable early returns before computation.
**Incorrect (computes avatar even when loading):**
```tsx
function Profile({ user, loading }: Props) {
const avatar = useMemo(() => {
const id = computeAvatarId(user)
return <Avatar id={id} />
}, [user])
if (loading) return <Skeleton />
return <div>{avatar}</div>
}
```
**Correct (skips computation when loading):**
```tsx
const UserAvatar = memo(function UserAvatar({ user }: { user: User }) {
const id = useMemo(() => computeAvatarId(user), [user])
return <Avatar id={id} />
})
function Profile({ user, loading }: Props) {
if (loading) return <Skeleton />
return (
<div>
<UserAvatar user={user} />
</div>
)
}
```
**Note:** If your project has [React Compiler](https://react.dev/learn/react-compiler) enabled, manual memoization with `memo()` and `useMemo()` is not necessary. The compiler automatically optimizes re-renders.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
---
title: Put Interaction Logic in Event Handlers
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids effect re-runs and duplicate side effects
tags: rerender, useEffect, events, side-effects, dependencies
---
## Put Interaction Logic in Event Handlers
If a side effect is triggered by a specific user action (submit, click, drag), run it in that event handler. Do not model the action as state + effect; it makes effects re-run on unrelated changes and can duplicate the action.
**Incorrect (event modeled as state + effect):**
```tsx
function Form() {
const [submitted, setSubmitted] = useState(false)
const theme = useContext(ThemeContext)
useEffect(() => {
if (submitted) {
post('/api/register')
showToast('Registered', theme)
}
}, [submitted, theme])
return <button onClick={() => setSubmitted(true)}>Submit</button>
}
```
**Correct (do it in the handler):**
```tsx
function Form() {
const theme = useContext(ThemeContext)
function handleSubmit() {
post('/api/register')
showToast('Registered', theme)
}
return <button onClick={handleSubmit}>Submit</button>
}
```
Reference: [Should this code move to an event handler?](https://react.dev/learn/removing-effect-dependencies#should-this-code-move-to-an-event-handler)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
---
title: Don't Define Components Inside Components
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: prevents remount on every render
tags: rerender, components, remount, performance
---
## Don't Define Components Inside Components
**Impact: HIGH (prevents remount on every render)**
Defining a component inside another component creates a new component type on every render. React sees a different component each time and fully remounts it, destroying all state and DOM.
A common reason developers do this is to access parent variables without passing props. Always pass props instead.
**Incorrect (remounts on every render):**
```tsx
function UserProfile({ user, theme }) {
// Defined inside to access `theme` - BAD
const Avatar = () => (
<img
src={user.avatarUrl}
className={theme === 'dark' ? 'avatar-dark' : 'avatar-light'}
/>
)
// Defined inside to access `user` - BAD
const Stats = () => (
<div>
<span>{user.followers} followers</span>
<span>{user.posts} posts</span>
</div>
)
return (
<div>
<Avatar />
<Stats />
</div>
)
}
```
Every time `UserProfile` renders, `Avatar` and `Stats` are new component types. React unmounts the old instances and mounts new ones, losing any internal state, running effects again, and recreating DOM nodes.
**Correct (pass props instead):**
```tsx
function Avatar({ src, theme }: { src: string; theme: string }) {
return (
<img
src={src}
className={theme === 'dark' ? 'avatar-dark' : 'avatar-light'}
/>
)
}
function Stats({ followers, posts }: { followers: number; posts: number }) {
return (
<div>
<span>{followers} followers</span>
<span>{posts} posts</span>
</div>
)
}
function UserProfile({ user, theme }) {
return (
<div>
<Avatar src={user.avatarUrl} theme={theme} />
<Stats followers={user.followers} posts={user.posts} />
</div>
)
}
```
**Symptoms of this bug:**
- Input fields lose focus on every keystroke
- Animations restart unexpectedly
- `useEffect` cleanup/setup runs on every parent render
- Scroll position resets inside the component

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
---
title: Do not wrap a simple expression with a primitive result type in useMemo
impact: LOW-MEDIUM
impactDescription: wasted computation on every render
tags: rerender, useMemo, optimization
---
## Do not wrap a simple expression with a primitive result type in useMemo
When an expression is simple (few logical or arithmetical operators) and has a primitive result type (boolean, number, string), do not wrap it in `useMemo`.
Calling `useMemo` and comparing hook dependencies may consume more resources than the expression itself.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
function Header({ user, notifications }: Props) {
const isLoading = useMemo(() => {
return user.isLoading || notifications.isLoading
}, [user.isLoading, notifications.isLoading])
if (isLoading) return <Skeleton />
// return some markup
}
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
function Header({ user, notifications }: Props) {
const isLoading = user.isLoading || notifications.isLoading
if (isLoading) return <Skeleton />
// return some markup
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
---
title: Split Combined Hook Computations
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids recomputing independent steps
tags: rerender, useMemo, useEffect, dependencies, optimization
---
## Split Combined Hook Computations
When a hook contains multiple independent tasks with different dependencies, split them into separate hooks. A combined hook reruns all tasks when any dependency changes, even if some tasks don't use the changed value.
**Incorrect (changing `sortOrder` recomputes filtering):**
```tsx
const sortedProducts = useMemo(() => {
const filtered = products.filter((p) => p.category === category)
const sorted = filtered.toSorted((a, b) =>
sortOrder === "asc" ? a.price - b.price : b.price - a.price
)
return sorted
}, [products, category, sortOrder])
```
**Correct (filtering only recomputes when products or category change):**
```tsx
const filteredProducts = useMemo(
() => products.filter((p) => p.category === category),
[products, category]
)
const sortedProducts = useMemo(
() =>
filteredProducts.toSorted((a, b) =>
sortOrder === "asc" ? a.price - b.price : b.price - a.price
),
[filteredProducts, sortOrder]
)
```
This pattern also applies to `useEffect` when combining unrelated side effects:
**Incorrect (both effects run when either dependency changes):**
```tsx
useEffect(() => {
analytics.trackPageView(pathname)
document.title = `${pageTitle} | My App`
}, [pathname, pageTitle])
```
**Correct (effects run independently):**
```tsx
useEffect(() => {
analytics.trackPageView(pathname)
}, [pathname])
useEffect(() => {
document.title = `${pageTitle} | My App`
}, [pageTitle])
```
**Note:** If your project has [React Compiler](https://react.dev/learn/react-compiler) enabled, it automatically optimizes dependency tracking and may handle some of these cases for you.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
---
title: Use Transitions for Non-Urgent Updates
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: maintains UI responsiveness
tags: rerender, transitions, startTransition, performance
---
## Use Transitions for Non-Urgent Updates
Mark frequent, non-urgent state updates as transitions to maintain UI responsiveness.
**Incorrect (blocks UI on every scroll):**
```tsx
function ScrollTracker() {
const [scrollY, setScrollY] = useState(0)
useEffect(() => {
const handler = () => setScrollY(window.scrollY)
window.addEventListener('scroll', handler, { passive: true })
return () => window.removeEventListener('scroll', handler)
}, [])
}
```
**Correct (non-blocking updates):**
```tsx
import { startTransition } from 'react'
function ScrollTracker() {
const [scrollY, setScrollY] = useState(0)
useEffect(() => {
const handler = () => {
startTransition(() => setScrollY(window.scrollY))
}
window.addEventListener('scroll', handler, { passive: true })
return () => window.removeEventListener('scroll', handler)
}, [])
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
---
title: Use useDeferredValue for Expensive Derived Renders
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: keeps input responsive during heavy computation
tags: rerender, useDeferredValue, optimization, concurrent
---
## Use useDeferredValue for Expensive Derived Renders
When user input triggers expensive computations or renders, use `useDeferredValue` to keep the input responsive. The deferred value lags behind, allowing React to prioritize the input update and render the expensive result when idle.
**Incorrect (input feels laggy while filtering):**
```tsx
function Search({ items }: { items: Item[] }) {
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
const filtered = items.filter(item => fuzzyMatch(item, query))
return (
<>
<input value={query} onChange={e => setQuery(e.target.value)} />
<ResultsList results={filtered} />
</>
)
}
```
**Correct (input stays snappy, results render when ready):**
```tsx
function Search({ items }: { items: Item[] }) {
const [query, setQuery] = useState('')
const deferredQuery = useDeferredValue(query)
const filtered = useMemo(
() => items.filter(item => fuzzyMatch(item, deferredQuery)),
[items, deferredQuery]
)
const isStale = query !== deferredQuery
return (
<>
<input value={query} onChange={e => setQuery(e.target.value)} />
<div style={{ opacity: isStale ? 0.7 : 1 }}>
<ResultsList results={filtered} />
</div>
</>
)
}
```
**When to use:**
- Filtering/searching large lists
- Expensive visualizations (charts, graphs) reacting to input
- Any derived state that causes noticeable render delays
**Note:** Wrap the expensive computation in `useMemo` with the deferred value as a dependency, otherwise it still runs on every render.
Reference: [React useDeferredValue](https://react.dev/reference/react/useDeferredValue)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
---
title: Use useRef for Transient Values
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: avoids unnecessary re-renders on frequent updates
tags: rerender, useref, state, performance
---
## Use useRef for Transient Values
When a value changes frequently and you don't want a re-render on every update (e.g., mouse trackers, intervals, transient flags), store it in `useRef` instead of `useState`. Keep component state for UI; use refs for temporary DOM-adjacent values. Updating a ref does not trigger a re-render.
**Incorrect (renders every update):**
```tsx
function Tracker() {
const [lastX, setLastX] = useState(0)
useEffect(() => {
const onMove = (e: MouseEvent) => setLastX(e.clientX)
window.addEventListener('mousemove', onMove)
return () => window.removeEventListener('mousemove', onMove)
}, [])
return (
<div
style={{
position: 'fixed',
top: 0,
left: lastX,
width: 8,
height: 8,
background: 'black',
}}
/>
)
}
```
**Correct (no re-render for tracking):**
```tsx
function Tracker() {
const lastXRef = useRef(0)
const dotRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
useEffect(() => {
const onMove = (e: MouseEvent) => {
lastXRef.current = e.clientX
const node = dotRef.current
if (node) {
node.style.transform = `translateX(${e.clientX}px)`
}
}
window.addEventListener('mousemove', onMove)
return () => window.removeEventListener('mousemove', onMove)
}, [])
return (
<div
ref={dotRef}
style={{
position: 'fixed',
top: 0,
left: 0,
width: 8,
height: 8,
background: 'black',
transform: 'translateX(0px)',
}}
/>
)
}
```

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
---
title: Use after() for Non-Blocking Operations
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: faster response times
tags: server, async, logging, analytics, side-effects
---
## Use after() for Non-Blocking Operations
Use Next.js's `after()` to schedule work that should execute after a response is sent. This prevents logging, analytics, and other side effects from blocking the response.
**Incorrect (blocks response):**
```tsx
import { logUserAction } from '@/app/utils'
export async function POST(request: Request) {
// Perform mutation
await updateDatabase(request)
// Logging blocks the response
const userAgent = request.headers.get('user-agent') || 'unknown'
await logUserAction({ userAgent })
return new Response(JSON.stringify({ status: 'success' }), {
status: 200,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }
})
}
```
**Correct (non-blocking):**
```tsx
import { after } from 'next/server'
import { headers, cookies } from 'next/headers'
import { logUserAction } from '@/app/utils'
export async function POST(request: Request) {
// Perform mutation
await updateDatabase(request)
// Log after response is sent
after(async () => {
const userAgent = (await headers()).get('user-agent') || 'unknown'
const sessionCookie = (await cookies()).get('session-id')?.value || 'anonymous'
logUserAction({ sessionCookie, userAgent })
})
return new Response(JSON.stringify({ status: 'success' }), {
status: 200,
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }
})
}
```
The response is sent immediately while logging happens in the background.
**Common use cases:**
- Analytics tracking
- Audit logging
- Sending notifications
- Cache invalidation
- Cleanup tasks
**Important notes:**
- `after()` runs even if the response fails or redirects
- Works in Server Actions, Route Handlers, and Server Components
Reference: [https://nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/after](https://nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/after)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
---
title: Authenticate Server Actions Like API Routes
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: prevents unauthorized access to server mutations
tags: server, server-actions, authentication, security, authorization
---
## Authenticate Server Actions Like API Routes
**Impact: CRITICAL (prevents unauthorized access to server mutations)**
Server Actions (functions with `"use server"`) are exposed as public endpoints, just like API routes. Always verify authentication and authorization **inside** each Server Action—do not rely solely on middleware, layout guards, or page-level checks, as Server Actions can be invoked directly.
Next.js documentation explicitly states: "Treat Server Actions with the same security considerations as public-facing API endpoints, and verify if the user is allowed to perform a mutation."
**Incorrect (no authentication check):**
```typescript
'use server'
export async function deleteUser(userId: string) {
// Anyone can call this! No auth check
await db.user.delete({ where: { id: userId } })
return { success: true }
}
```
**Correct (authentication inside the action):**
```typescript
'use server'
import { verifySession } from '@/lib/auth'
import { unauthorized } from '@/lib/errors'
export async function deleteUser(userId: string) {
// Always check auth inside the action
const session = await verifySession()
if (!session) {
throw unauthorized('Must be logged in')
}
// Check authorization too
if (session.user.role !== 'admin' && session.user.id !== userId) {
throw unauthorized('Cannot delete other users')
}
await db.user.delete({ where: { id: userId } })
return { success: true }
}
```
**With input validation:**
```typescript
'use server'
import { verifySession } from '@/lib/auth'
import { z } from 'zod'
const updateProfileSchema = z.object({
userId: z.string().uuid(),
name: z.string().min(1).max(100),
email: z.string().email()
})
export async function updateProfile(data: unknown) {
// Validate input first
const validated = updateProfileSchema.parse(data)
// Then authenticate
const session = await verifySession()
if (!session) {
throw new Error('Unauthorized')
}
// Then authorize
if (session.user.id !== validated.userId) {
throw new Error('Can only update own profile')
}
// Finally perform the mutation
await db.user.update({
where: { id: validated.userId },
data: {
name: validated.name,
email: validated.email
}
})
return { success: true }
}
```
Reference: [https://nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/authentication](https://nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/authentication)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
---
title: Cross-Request LRU Caching
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: caches across requests
tags: server, cache, lru, cross-request
---
## Cross-Request LRU Caching
`React.cache()` only works within one request. For data shared across sequential requests (user clicks button A then button B), use an LRU cache.
**Implementation:**
```typescript
import { LRUCache } from 'lru-cache'
const cache = new LRUCache<string, any>({
max: 1000,
ttl: 5 * 60 * 1000 // 5 minutes
})
export async function getUser(id: string) {
const cached = cache.get(id)
if (cached) return cached
const user = await db.user.findUnique({ where: { id } })
cache.set(id, user)
return user
}
// Request 1: DB query, result cached
// Request 2: cache hit, no DB query
```
Use when sequential user actions hit multiple endpoints needing the same data within seconds.
**With Vercel's [Fluid Compute](https://vercel.com/docs/fluid-compute):** LRU caching is especially effective because multiple concurrent requests can share the same function instance and cache. This means the cache persists across requests without needing external storage like Redis.
**In traditional serverless:** Each invocation runs in isolation, so consider Redis for cross-process caching.
Reference: [https://github.com/isaacs/node-lru-cache](https://github.com/isaacs/node-lru-cache)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
---
title: Per-Request Deduplication with React.cache()
impact: MEDIUM
impactDescription: deduplicates within request
tags: server, cache, react-cache, deduplication
---
## Per-Request Deduplication with React.cache()
Use `React.cache()` for server-side request deduplication. Authentication and database queries benefit most.
**Usage:**
```typescript
import { cache } from 'react'
export const getCurrentUser = cache(async () => {
const session = await auth()
if (!session?.user?.id) return null
return await db.user.findUnique({
where: { id: session.user.id }
})
})
```
Within a single request, multiple calls to `getCurrentUser()` execute the query only once.
**Avoid inline objects as arguments:**
`React.cache()` uses shallow equality (`Object.is`) to determine cache hits. Inline objects create new references each call, preventing cache hits.
**Incorrect (always cache miss):**
```typescript
const getUser = cache(async (params: { uid: number }) => {
return await db.user.findUnique({ where: { id: params.uid } })
})
// Each call creates new object, never hits cache
getUser({ uid: 1 })
getUser({ uid: 1 }) // Cache miss, runs query again
```
**Correct (cache hit):**
```typescript
const getUser = cache(async (uid: number) => {
return await db.user.findUnique({ where: { id: uid } })
})
// Primitive args use value equality
getUser(1)
getUser(1) // Cache hit, returns cached result
```
If you must pass objects, pass the same reference:
```typescript
const params = { uid: 1 }
getUser(params) // Query runs
getUser(params) // Cache hit (same reference)
```
**Next.js-Specific Note:**
In Next.js, the `fetch` API is automatically extended with request memoization. Requests with the same URL and options are automatically deduplicated within a single request, so you don't need `React.cache()` for `fetch` calls. However, `React.cache()` is still essential for other async tasks:
- Database queries (Prisma, Drizzle, etc.)
- Heavy computations
- Authentication checks
- File system operations
- Any non-fetch async work
Use `React.cache()` to deduplicate these operations across your component tree.
Reference: [React.cache documentation](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache)

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@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
---
title: Avoid Duplicate Serialization in RSC Props
impact: LOW
impactDescription: reduces network payload by avoiding duplicate serialization
tags: server, rsc, serialization, props, client-components
---
## Avoid Duplicate Serialization in RSC Props
**Impact: LOW (reduces network payload by avoiding duplicate serialization)**
RSC→client serialization deduplicates by object reference, not value. Same reference = serialized once; new reference = serialized again. Do transformations (`.toSorted()`, `.filter()`, `.map()`) in client, not server.
**Incorrect (duplicates array):**
```tsx
// RSC: sends 6 strings (2 arrays × 3 items)
<ClientList usernames={usernames} usernamesOrdered={usernames.toSorted()} />
```
**Correct (sends 3 strings):**
```tsx
// RSC: send once
<ClientList usernames={usernames} />
// Client: transform there
'use client'
const sorted = useMemo(() => [...usernames].sort(), [usernames])
```
**Nested deduplication behavior:**
Deduplication works recursively. Impact varies by data type:
- `string[]`, `number[]`, `boolean[]`: **HIGH impact** - array + all primitives fully duplicated
- `object[]`: **LOW impact** - array duplicated, but nested objects deduplicated by reference
```tsx
// string[] - duplicates everything
usernames={['a','b']} sorted={usernames.toSorted()} // sends 4 strings
// object[] - duplicates array structure only
users={[{id:1},{id:2}]} sorted={users.toSorted()} // sends 2 arrays + 2 unique objects (not 4)
```
**Operations breaking deduplication (create new references):**
- Arrays: `.toSorted()`, `.filter()`, `.map()`, `.slice()`, `[...arr]`
- Objects: `{...obj}`, `Object.assign()`, `structuredClone()`, `JSON.parse(JSON.stringify())`
**More examples:**
```tsx
// ❌ Bad
<C users={users} active={users.filter(u => u.active)} />
<C product={product} productName={product.name} />
// ✅ Good
<C users={users} />
<C product={product} />
// Do filtering/destructuring in client
```
**Exception:** Pass derived data when transformation is expensive or client doesn't need original.

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---
title: Hoist Static I/O to Module Level
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: avoids repeated file/network I/O per request
tags: server, io, performance, next.js, route-handlers, og-image
---
## Hoist Static I/O to Module Level
**Impact: HIGH (avoids repeated file/network I/O per request)**
When loading static assets (fonts, logos, images, config files) in route handlers or server functions, hoist the I/O operation to module level. Module-level code runs once when the module is first imported, not on every request. This eliminates redundant file system reads or network fetches that would otherwise run on every invocation.
**Incorrect (reads font file on every request):**
```typescript
// app/api/og/route.tsx
import { ImageResponse } from 'next/og'
export async function GET(request: Request) {
// Runs on EVERY request - expensive!
const fontData = await fetch(
new URL('./fonts/Inter.ttf', import.meta.url)
).then(res => res.arrayBuffer())
const logoData = await fetch(
new URL('./images/logo.png', import.meta.url)
).then(res => res.arrayBuffer())
return new ImageResponse(
<div style={{ fontFamily: 'Inter' }}>
<img src={logoData} />
Hello World
</div>,
{ fonts: [{ name: 'Inter', data: fontData }] }
)
}
```
**Correct (loads once at module initialization):**
```typescript
// app/api/og/route.tsx
import { ImageResponse } from 'next/og'
// Module-level: runs ONCE when module is first imported
const fontData = fetch(
new URL('./fonts/Inter.ttf', import.meta.url)
).then(res => res.arrayBuffer())
const logoData = fetch(
new URL('./images/logo.png', import.meta.url)
).then(res => res.arrayBuffer())
export async function GET(request: Request) {
// Await the already-started promises
const [font, logo] = await Promise.all([fontData, logoData])
return new ImageResponse(
<div style={{ fontFamily: 'Inter' }}>
<img src={logo} />
Hello World
</div>,
{ fonts: [{ name: 'Inter', data: font }] }
)
}
```
**Correct (synchronous fs at module level):**
```typescript
// app/api/og/route.tsx
import { ImageResponse } from 'next/og'
import { readFileSync } from 'fs'
import { join } from 'path'
// Synchronous read at module level - blocks only during module init
const fontData = readFileSync(
join(process.cwd(), 'public/fonts/Inter.ttf')
)
const logoData = readFileSync(
join(process.cwd(), 'public/images/logo.png')
)
export async function GET(request: Request) {
return new ImageResponse(
<div style={{ fontFamily: 'Inter' }}>
<img src={logoData} />
Hello World
</div>,
{ fonts: [{ name: 'Inter', data: fontData }] }
)
}
```
**Incorrect (reads config on every call):**
```typescript
import fs from 'node:fs/promises'
export async function processRequest(data: Data) {
const config = JSON.parse(
await fs.readFile('./config.json', 'utf-8')
)
const template = await fs.readFile('./template.html', 'utf-8')
return render(template, data, config)
}
```
**Correct (hoists config and template to module level):**
```typescript
import fs from 'node:fs/promises'
const configPromise = fs
.readFile('./config.json', 'utf-8')
.then(JSON.parse)
const templatePromise = fs.readFile('./template.html', 'utf-8')
export async function processRequest(data: Data) {
const [config, template] = await Promise.all([
configPromise,
templatePromise,
])
return render(template, data, config)
}
```
When to use this pattern:
- Loading fonts for OG image generation
- Loading static logos, icons, or watermarks
- Reading configuration files that don't change at runtime
- Loading email templates or other static templates
- Any static asset that's the same across all requests
When not to use this pattern:
- Assets that vary per request or user
- Files that may change during runtime (use caching with TTL instead)
- Large files that would consume too much memory if kept loaded
- Sensitive data that shouldn't persist in memory
With Vercel's [Fluid Compute](https://vercel.com/docs/fluid-compute), module-level caching is especially effective because multiple concurrent requests share the same function instance. The static assets stay loaded in memory across requests without cold start penalties.
In traditional serverless, each cold start re-executes module-level code, but subsequent warm invocations reuse the loaded assets until the instance is recycled.

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---
title: Avoid Shared Module State for Request Data
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: prevents concurrency bugs and request data leaks
tags: server, rsc, ssr, concurrency, security, state
---
## Avoid Shared Module State for Request Data
For React Server Components and client components rendered during SSR, avoid using mutable module-level variables to share request-scoped data. Server renders can run concurrently in the same process. If one render writes to shared module state and another render reads it, you can get race conditions, cross-request contamination, and security bugs where one user's data appears in another user's response.
Treat module scope on the server as process-wide shared memory, not request-local state.
**Incorrect (request data leaks across concurrent renders):**
```tsx
let currentUser: User | null = null
export default async function Page() {
currentUser = await auth()
return <Dashboard />
}
async function Dashboard() {
return <div>{currentUser?.name}</div>
}
```
If two requests overlap, request A can set `currentUser`, then request B overwrites it before request A finishes rendering `Dashboard`.
**Correct (keep request data local to the render tree):**
```tsx
export default async function Page() {
const user = await auth()
return <Dashboard user={user} />
}
function Dashboard({ user }: { user: User | null }) {
return <div>{user?.name}</div>
}
```
Safe exceptions:
- Immutable static assets or config loaded once at module scope
- Shared caches intentionally designed for cross-request reuse and keyed correctly
- Process-wide singletons that do not store request- or user-specific mutable data
For static assets and config, see [Hoist Static I/O to Module Level](./server-hoist-static-io.md).

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@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
---
title: Parallel Data Fetching with Component Composition
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: eliminates server-side waterfalls
tags: server, rsc, parallel-fetching, composition
---
## Parallel Data Fetching with Component Composition
React Server Components execute sequentially within a tree. Restructure with composition to parallelize data fetching.
**Incorrect (Sidebar waits for Page's fetch to complete):**
```tsx
export default async function Page() {
const header = await fetchHeader()
return (
<div>
<div>{header}</div>
<Sidebar />
</div>
)
}
async function Sidebar() {
const items = await fetchSidebarItems()
return <nav>{items.map(renderItem)}</nav>
}
```
**Correct (both fetch simultaneously):**
```tsx
async function Header() {
const data = await fetchHeader()
return <div>{data}</div>
}
async function Sidebar() {
const items = await fetchSidebarItems()
return <nav>{items.map(renderItem)}</nav>
}
export default function Page() {
return (
<div>
<Header />
<Sidebar />
</div>
)
}
```
**Alternative with children prop:**
```tsx
async function Header() {
const data = await fetchHeader()
return <div>{data}</div>
}
async function Sidebar() {
const items = await fetchSidebarItems()
return <nav>{items.map(renderItem)}</nav>
}
function Layout({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
return (
<div>
<Header />
{children}
</div>
)
}
export default function Page() {
return (
<Layout>
<Sidebar />
</Layout>
)
}
```

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---
title: Parallel Nested Data Fetching
impact: CRITICAL
impactDescription: eliminates server-side waterfalls
tags: server, rsc, parallel-fetching, promise-chaining
---
## Parallel Nested Data Fetching
When fetching nested data in parallel, chain dependent fetches within each item's promise so a slow item doesn't block the rest.
**Incorrect (a single slow item blocks all nested fetches):**
```tsx
const chats = await Promise.all(
chatIds.map(id => getChat(id))
)
const chatAuthors = await Promise.all(
chats.map(chat => getUser(chat.author))
)
```
If one `getChat(id)` out of 100 is extremely slow, the authors of the other 99 chats can't start loading even though their data is ready.
**Correct (each item chains its own nested fetch):**
```tsx
const chatAuthors = await Promise.all(
chatIds.map(id => getChat(id).then(chat => getUser(chat.author)))
)
```
Each item independently chains `getChat``getUser`, so a slow chat doesn't block author fetches for the others.

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@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
---
title: Minimize Serialization at RSC Boundaries
impact: HIGH
impactDescription: reduces data transfer size
tags: server, rsc, serialization, props
---
## Minimize Serialization at RSC Boundaries
The React Server/Client boundary serializes all object properties into strings and embeds them in the HTML response and subsequent RSC requests. This serialized data directly impacts page weight and load time, so **size matters a lot**. Only pass fields that the client actually uses.
**Incorrect (serializes all 50 fields):**
```tsx
async function Page() {
const user = await fetchUser() // 50 fields
return <Profile user={user} />
}
'use client'
function Profile({ user }: { user: User }) {
return <div>{user.name}</div> // uses 1 field
}
```
**Correct (serializes only 1 field):**
```tsx
async function Page() {
const user = await fetchUser()
return <Profile name={user.name} />
}
'use client'
function Profile({ name }: { name: string }) {
return <div>{name}</div>
}
```

20
.claude/settings.json Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
{
"enabledPlugins": {
"superpowers@superpowers-marketplace": false,
"prd-development@pm-skills": false
},
"extraKnownMarketplaces": {
"superpowers-marketplace": {
"source": {
"source": "github",
"repo": "obra/superpowers-marketplace"
}
},
"pm-skills": {
"source": {
"source": "github",
"repo": "deanpeters/Product-Manager-Skills"
}
}
}
}

1
.claude/skills/find-skills Symbolic link
View File

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
../../.agents/skills/find-skills

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
---
name: nextjs-app-architecture
description: Build or audit Next.js 16 App Router apps using a next-beats-style React Server Components architecture. Use when scaffolding a new app, adding a feature, reviewing an existing app, refactoring route-loader-shaped pages into feature-owned async server components, deciding where queries/actions/components live, keeping pages synchronous with `params.then()`, placing Suspense boundaries, choosing the client/server boundary, designing skeletons, preventing CLS, or enabling Cache Components. Also use when the user asks about RSC composition, components receiving IDs instead of route params, `'use cache'`, `cacheTag`, `updateTag`, static-shell prerendering, or making an app easier for AI agents to modify.
license: MIT
metadata:
author: aurorascharff
version: "1.3.7"
---
# Next.js App Architecture
A workflow for building and auditing Next.js 16+ App Router apps so they follow one consistent, feature-sliced RSC architecture like `next-beats`.
**Follow the workflow below step by step** — it produces the invariants by construction. Load the reference a step names for the decision it depends on. Get framework _mechanics_ (API signatures, config options, hook contracts) from the linked docs — don't restate or improvise them.
## Prerequisite
Before changing a Next.js app, make sure the project is set up for AI agents to read version-matched docs. Follow the [AI Coding Agents guide](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/ai-agents): prefer the project's `AGENTS.md` / bundled docs, and create or refresh them when missing. Then use this skill for architecture decisions.
## Architecture target
Build pages that describe the loading experience, not pages that act like route loaders:
- `app/**/page.tsx` and `layout.tsx` are synchronous composition surfaces: static chrome, section headings, `<Suspense>` boundaries, error boundaries, and transition wrappers.
- Feature components own their reads on the server. They receive minimal stable inputs (`id`, `slug`, `handle`, parsed filter values) or already-fetched records, never raw `params` / `searchParams`.
- Queries and actions live in the feature folder. Components import queries; client leaves import actions directly.
- When server tags and client query keys describe the same feature data, a pure feature-local cache contract owns those identities.
- Skeletons mirror the component tree and live beside the component they represent.
## Invariants (what every change must satisfy)
The non-negotiables. The workflow produces them; the final check verifies them.
1. **Pages compose, they never fetch.** A page/layout imports feature components and places `<Suspense>`. No queries, no domain logic, no route-specific components defined inline.
2. **Pages stay synchronous.** Use `params.then()` / `searchParams.then()`, never `await params` at the top — so chrome paints into the static shell and only data-dependent sections suspend.
3. **Feature components receive IDs, not route props.** Resolve `params` / `searchParams` at the page boundary and pass plain values (`id`, `slug`, `query`) into features.
4. **Async server component is the default.** `'use client'` only for hooks, event handlers, or browser APIs — and only on leaves, never on parents of server content.
5. **The page owns the Suspense boundary; the feature owns the skeleton.** Features never pre-wrap themselves in `<Suspense>`.
6. **Skeletons live in the same file as the component**, exported alongside it, defined at the end. `Feed` and `FeedSkeleton` are siblings.
7. **Queries live in `<domain>-queries.ts`** (`import 'server-only'`); **actions live in `<domain>-actions.ts`** (`'use server'`). The file name matches the folder, even for sub-concepts.
8. **One feature folder per real domain noun.** Sub-concepts (favorite, like, vote, bookmark, search) fold into the parent feature, never their own folder.
9. **Client components import actions directly** — never receive a server action as a prop just to call it.
10. **Feature-local cache coordination stays with its domain.** Put pure tags/keys in `<domain>-cache.ts`, client query definitions in `<domain>-query-options.ts`, hook wrappers in `hooks/use-*.ts`, and tiny client leaves in `components/`; promote support code only after real cross-feature reuse.
## Workflow
Run these in order for build-from-scratch, feature work, or audits. Each step names the reference to consult and the check it must pass.
1. **Choose mode.**
- **Build from scratch:** sketch routes, real domain nouns, static shell, and expected loading groups before writing code.
- **Audit/refactor:** scan current `app/` pages first; list every async page, page-level query import, route prop leak, missing Suspense boundary, and feature folder mismatch.
`references/example.md` for the target shape; `references/feature-folders.md` for placement.
✓ You know whether you are creating the architecture or converting loader-shaped code into it.
2. **Place the work.** Decide the feature folder before writing anything.
`references/feature-folders.md` (decision tree + merge rules).
✓ A real domain, or folded into the right parent.
3. **Write the query and, when a client cache shares its data, the cache contract.** Put server reads in `<domain>-queries.ts` with `import 'server-only'`; keep shared tag/key identities in a pure `<domain>-cache.ts`.
`references/queries-actions.md`; for SWR/TanStack Query → `references/single-page-applications.md`; with `cacheComponents: true`, also → `references/cache-components.md`.
✓ Cache identities are defined once; server reads are server-only, cached/tagged/lifetimed under Cache Components, and return domain types rather than ORM rows.
4. **Write the action** (if there's a mutation). `features/<domain>/<domain>-actions.ts`, `'use server'` at the top.
`references/queries-actions.md`.
✓ Re-checks auth, validates input, invalidates matching cache tags under Cache Components (`refresh()` only for justified dynamic reads), returns a discriminated union.
5. **Build the component + skeleton.** `features/<domain>/components/<name>.tsx`: an async server component that awaits its own query from minimal props; `'use client'` only on interactive leaves.
`references/components.md`; for a client data library or strict-SPA/CSR feature → `references/single-page-applications.md`.
✓ Component receives IDs/handles/parsed filters or already-resolved records, not `params`; skeleton is a sibling export at the end; no alias skeleton wrappers.
6. **Compose the page.** `app/<route>/page.tsx`: synchronous, `params.then()`, place `<Suspense fallback={<NameSkeleton />}><Name /></Suspense>`, and wrap fallible sections in an error boundary.
`references/pages-suspense.md`.
✓ The page only composes; the boundary lives here, not in the feature; route props are resolved to plain values before reaching feature components.
7. **Add interaction** (if any): optimistic updates, pending state, toasts, confirmation.
`references/ux-patterns.md`.
✓ Feedback isn't doubled; destructive actions confirm; feature-owned client coordination stays with that feature instead of leaking into unrelated domains.
8. **Verify** against the checklist below before declaring done.
## Verify before done
Inspect the diff against every invariant — each is checkable by reading the changed files:
- [ ] No page/layout imports a `*-queries` file or defines a route-specific component inline.
- [ ] Every page with params is synchronous and uses `params.then()` / `searchParams.then()`.
- [ ] Feature components receive plain IDs/handles/parsed filters or resolved records; no feature prop is named `params` or `searchParams`.
- [ ] Every `<Suspense>` for page data sits in the page; no feature pre-wraps itself.
- [ ] Every component has its real `*Skeleton` in the same file, at the end; no tiny skeleton aliases just to pass props.
- [ ] Every `*-queries.ts` starts with `import 'server-only'`; every `*-actions.ts` with `'use server'`.
- [ ] With `cacheComponents: true`, reusable reads use `'use cache'` / `cacheTag` / `cacheLife`, or `'use cache: private'` / `'use cache: remote'` when appropriate; any dynamic read is intentional and justified.
- [ ] Mutations touching cached reads call `updateTag()` / `revalidateTag(..., 'max')` for the matching tags; `refresh()` is not a substitute for tag invalidation.
- [ ] Action files are named `<folder>-actions.ts`; no sub-concept spawned its own folder.
- [ ] Features with both server tags and client query keys define them once in a pure `<domain>-cache.ts`; queries, actions, hydration, query options, and hooks import from it.
- [ ] Feature-local client-support files sit in the smallest fitting place: query options at the feature root, `use-*` hook wrappers in `hooks/`, leaf components in `components/`, and shared support only after real cross-feature reuse.
- [ ] `'use client'` components are leaves — they import actions/hooks/providers, not async server components.
- [ ] Mutations validate their input and invalidate the affected data.
## Reference index
- **`references/feature-folders.md`** — where code goes: folder layout, cache contracts, naming, and merging sub-concepts.
- **`references/queries-actions.md`** — query/action rules: server-only, dedup, validation, invalidation, return shape.
- **`references/components.md`** — server/client boundary, skeletons, `use()`, single-use helpers, live data.
- **`references/pages-suspense.md`** — page composition, `params.then()`, Suspense placement, CLS, error boundaries, prefetch.
- **`references/cache-components.md`** — the `cacheComponents` decisions: which reads to cache, which directive to use, how to invalidate.
- **`references/single-page-applications.md`** — client cache decisions: placement, server seeding, Cache Components coordination, hydration, and mutations.
- **`references/ux-patterns.md`** — interaction decisions: optimistic vs pending vs inline error, toasts, action-prop, confirmations.
- **`references/example.md`** — the next-beats reference app: invariant → file map, for seeing any rule in real code.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
{
"version": "1.3.7",
"organization": "Aurora Scharff",
"date": "July 2026",
"abstract": "Build and audit Next.js 16 App Router apps with a next-beats-style RSC architecture: synchronous pages that compose static shells, Suspense, and error boundaries; feature-owned async server components that receive IDs or parsed values; co-located skeletons; server-only queries; server actions; enforced Cache Components practice when enabled; and build/runtime verification of the resulting loading shape. References cover each topic in depth so the agent only loads what's needed for the task.",
"references": [
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/ai-agents",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheLife",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/adopting-partial-prefetching",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/migrating-to-cache-components",
"https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/interactive-apps",
"https://aurorascharff.no/posts/component-architecture-for-react-server-components/",
"https://github.com/vercel-labs/next-beats"
]
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
# Cache Components
Decisions for when [`cacheComponents: true`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) is set in `next.config.ts`. This file is about *which reads to cache, which directive to use, and how to invalidate* — for the mechanics of each directive, follow the doc links.
## When this reference applies
Use this reference when an app already has `cacheComponents: true`, the user wants this architecture while enabling it, or you are reviewing/refactoring an app that targets Cache Components.
If the project has not adopted Cache Components yet and the user asks to enable, migrate, or work through adoption blockers, use the `next-cache-components-adoption` skill first. It owns the route-by-route migration loop, opt-out strategy, and build/dev overlay workflow. Then return here for steady-state query/action/component architecture.
If `cacheComponents` is not enabled and the task is ordinary feature work, follow the core references without adding cache directives. Do not recommend skipping Cache Components based on app category alone; adoption is a migration/project decision, not a per-feature shortcut.
Adopting these in an existing app: follow [Migrating to Cache Components](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/migrating-to-cache-components) and [Adopting Partial Prefetching](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/adopting-partial-prefetching) — they cover the incremental path (per-route `prefetch = 'partial'`, fixing dynamic-usage build errors) rather than a big-bang switch.
## The model
```ts
// next.config.ts
const nextConfig: NextConfig = {
cacheComponents: true,
partialPrefetching: true, // prefetch the static shell of linked routes
};
```
- **Static shell** — synchronous content, `'use cache'` output, and Suspense fallbacks prerender at build time.
- **Dynamic holes** — async work without `'use cache'` streams in behind `<Suspense>` at request time.
- **Build constraint** — any async work without `'use cache'` must sit inside `<Suspense>`, or the build fails (wrap it, or add `'use cache'`).
`cacheComponents` implies Partial Prerendering — it replaced `experimental.ppr` / `dynamicIO` / `useCache`, so don't set those. See [caching](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/getting-started/caching).
With `cacheComponents: true`, the skill practice is **cache reusable reads**. Do not leave a database/API read dynamic just because Suspense makes the build pass. If a read has a stable key and a mutation can name what changed, give it a cache directive, tags, and a lifetime.
Dynamic reads are the exception: use them for values that must be recomputed for every request or cannot be invalidated coherently. When you leave a read dynamic, note the reason in the surrounding code/review and invalidate its mutations with `refresh()` because there is no tag to update.
## Decide what to cache
| Data | Directive | Notes |
| ---- | --------- | ----- |
| Cacheable across users (public listings, computed pages) | [`'use cache'`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache) | Add [`cacheTag`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag) (a global + a scoped tag) and a [`cacheLife`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheLife) profile. |
| Per-user / reads cookies, headers, session | [`'use cache: private'`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private) | Cached in the browser only, doesn't persist across reloads; never stored on the server. |
| Remote service, safe across users, worth durable storage | [`'use cache: remote'`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote) | Protects against rate-limited third-party APIs. |
| Genuinely dynamic per request | none | Must be justified. Read inside `<Suspense>`; mutations use `refresh()` because no tag exists. |
Cache the **query** when its result should be reused across requests. Cache the **component** when rendering is expensive and props are stable (a nav, a trending sidebar). Don't `'use cache'` a component that already calls a `'use cache'` query — double-caching, no benefit.
## Keep a synchronous value out of the shell
You usually don't need this. A query that reads `cookies()`/`headers()` or awaits a DB/`fetch` inside `<Suspense>` already stays out of the shell on its own. Only a *synchronous* request-time read (`new Date()`, `Math.random()`, a sync sqlite read) needs help: `await` [`io()`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/io) before it, with the caller inside `<Suspense>`.
Prefer `io()` over [`connection()`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/connection): both exclude what follows from the shell, but `connection()` blocks prefetches while `io()` stays prefetchable. Reach for `connection()` only when rendering must wait for a real user request.
## Decide how to invalidate
- [`updateTag(tag)`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag) — in **server actions**, when the user should see the result immediately (read-your-own-writes). Requires the query to carry a matching `cacheTag`.
- [`revalidateTag(tag, 'max')`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) — in **route handlers** (webhooks, cron) for stale-while-revalidate. The single-arg `revalidateTag(tag)` form is deprecated.
- [`refresh()`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/refresh) — re-render the current route for the current user. Use it for deliberately dynamic reads with no tag; don't use it instead of `updateTag()` for cached reads.
Tag, cache, invalidate: the `cacheTag` in the query and the `updateTag` in the action use the same string and live in the same feature folder.
## Coordinate hydrated client data
When cached server data seeds SWR, TanStack Query, or another browser cache, follow `references/single-page-applications.md`. Server and client freshness policies are independent; hydration adds library-specific constraints.
## Build failure map
When `next build` fails under Cache Components, map the error back to an architecture rule instead of patching locally:
- Async work without `'use cache'` and without an ancestor `<Suspense>` → cache the reusable read, or wrap a justified dynamic read in a page-owned `<Suspense>`.
- Request data inside `'use cache'` → switch to `'use cache: private'` when it is per-user cacheable, or keep it dynamic with a documented reason.
- `await params` / `await searchParams` at the top of a page → keep the page synchronous and move the read into `params.then()` / `searchParams.then()`.
- Sync request-time values (`new Date()`, `Math.random()`, sync storage reads) captured in the shell → cache stable values, or use [`io()`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/io) for per-request values.
For adoption-wide blocker triage, use `next-cache-components-adoption`. For API-specific recipes, follow the [Migrating to Cache Components guide](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/migrating-to-cache-components).
## Without Cache Components
- Don't use `'use cache'` / `cacheTag` / `cacheLife` — they require the flag.
- Use React `cache()` only for proven same-request dedup needs; plain `server-only` async queries are the default.
- Invalidate with `refresh()` from server actions.
- Pages still use `params.then()` in this architecture. Without Cache Components there is no build-time static shell to preserve, but keeping pages synchronous still lets chrome paint before route-specific data resolves and keeps the app consistent.

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# Components
How to build server and client components inside a feature folder.
## Default: async server component
Server components await their own queries directly — no `useEffect`, no client-side fetching, no manual loading state. See the [Server Components docs](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/getting-started/server-and-client-components) for the model.
Prefer minimal, stable props: IDs, slugs, handles, parsed filters, or records the parent already fetched. Do not pass raw route `params` or `searchParams` into feature components. Pages resolve those promises and pass plain values.
```tsx
// features/notifications/components/notifications-badge.tsx
import { getUnreadNotificationCount } from "@/features/notifications/notifications-queries";
export async function NotificationsBadge() {
const count = await getUnreadNotificationCount();
if (count === 0) return null;
return <span aria-label={`${count} unread`}>{count}</span>;
}
```
The page (not this file) wraps it in `<Suspense fallback={<NotificationsBadgeSkeleton />}>` — see `references/pages-suspense.md`.
For parameterized routes, the page resolves `params` and the feature receives an ID:
```tsx
// app/post/[id]/page.tsx
<Suspense fallback={<PostDetailSkeleton />}>
{params.then(({ id }) => (
<PostDetail id={id} />
))}
</Suspense>
```
```tsx
// features/post/components/post-detail.tsx
export async function PostDetail({ id }: { id: string }) {
const post = await getPost(id);
return <article>{post.body}</article>;
}
```
## Skeletons live in the same file
Export the main component and its skeleton from the same file. Pages import both. Define the skeleton **at the end of the file**, below the real component(s) — never above. Function declarations are hoisted, so a skeleton referenced by a component earlier in the file still works when defined last.
```tsx
export async function Feed({ userId }: { userId: string }) {
const posts = await getFeed(userId);
return (
<ul>
{posts.map((p) => (
<Post key={p.id} post={p} />
))}
</ul>
);
}
export function FeedSkeleton() {
return (
<ul>
{Array.from({ length: 3 }).map((_, i) => (
<li key={i}>
<Skeleton className="h-24" />
</li>
))}
</ul>
);
}
```
Don't export a second skeleton whose whole job is to rename or preconfigure another skeleton:
```tsx
// Wrong — alias wrapper adds an import surface but no behavior
export function CompactGridSkeleton() {
return <GridSkeleton dense />;
}
```
Import the real skeleton and pass the prop inline at the `<Suspense>` boundary: `fallback={<GridSkeleton dense />}`.
### Skeleton design checklist
1. Match the real component's layout: flex direction, gaps, padding, breakpoints.
2. Include all structural elements: avatar circles, action button placeholders, image squares.
3. Responsive visibility must match (`hidden sm:block` in the real component → same in the skeleton).
4. Show 25 placeholders for variable-length lists, not the real count.
5. Don't include skeletons for inner Suspense content — those have their own boundaries.
6. Reserve the right height. CLS comes from skeletons that are shorter than the real content.
## Group related components in one file
A card and its grid live in the same file. For example, `genre-card.tsx` exports `GenrePill`, `GenreCard`, `GenreGrid`, `GenreGridSkeleton`. Variants should reuse that skeleton inline instead of exporting alias skeletons. Don't split shared UI primitives prematurely — wait until three call sites need the same shape before extracting.
Two sidebar widgets that happen to look similar but render different data shapes are **not** the same component. The visuals diverge as soon as one needs an extra slot.
### Single-use sub-components stay inlined
For a metadata strip inside one card, a header used only by one detail view, a list item only rendered by its list — inline them as **non-exported** functions in the same file:
```tsx
export async function EventDetails({ slug }: { slug: string }) {
const event = await getEventBySlug(slug);
return (
<article>
<MetaStrip event={event} />
<Speaker speaker={event.speaker} />
<p>{event.description}</p>
</article>
);
}
function MetaStrip({ event }: { event: Event }) { ... }
function Speaker({ speaker }: { speaker: string }) { ... }
```
Exports are for things other files will import. Internal structure is for readability inside one file.
## The server/client boundary
`'use client'` only when you need:
- Hooks (`useState`, `useReducer`, `useOptimistic`, `useTransition`, `useEffect`)
- Event handlers (`onClick`, `onChange`, `onSubmit`)
- Browser APIs (`window`, `localStorage`, refs to DOM)
If the component needs interactive pieces, keep the server component as the parent and render client leaves:
```tsx
async function PostDetail({ id }: { id: string }) {
const [post, userState] = await Promise.all([
getPost(id),
getPostUserState(id),
]);
return (
<article>
<PostBody body={post.body} />
<PostActions userState={userState} /> {/* 'use client' leaf */}
</article>
);
}
```
### Server content as children of client components
Composition crosses the boundary. A client component can accept server-rendered JSX as children or props:
```tsx
<ComposerForm
avatar={
<Suspense fallback={<AvatarSkeleton />}>
<CurrentUserAvatar />
</Suspense>
}
/>
```
`ComposerForm` is `'use client'`. It doesn't know where the avatar JSX came from. The Suspense boundary streams the avatar in without the form re-rendering.
### Pass server children resolved values, not promises
Prefer passing plain values (strings, IDs, resolved data) to a server child. A server component _can_ `await` a promise prop, but resolve route promises in the page instead — pass an unresolved promise down only to a _client_ component that reads it with `use()` (see below). When a parent already has the data from its own query, pass it as a prop instead of having the child refetch.
```tsx
// Right — parent fetches the list, passes each item
async function Feed({ userId }: { userId: string }) {
const posts = await getFeed(userId);
return posts.map((post) => <Post key={post.id} post={post} />);
}
async function Post({ post }: { post: Post }) {
return <article>{post.body}</article>;
}
```
```tsx
// Wrong — child refetches what the parent already had
async function Post({ id }: { id: string }) {
const post = await getPost(id);
return <article>{post.body}</article>;
}
```
## Client components that own their loading state
When a client component needs server data but should manage its own loading (a sidebar badge, a popover that opens on hover), pass an **unresolved promise** from the server and resolve it with [`use()`](https://react.dev/reference/react/use) on the client. Wrap the consumer in `<Suspense>`.
```tsx
// page: pass the unresolved promise, wrap in Suspense
<Suspense fallback={<TagListSkeleton />}>
<TagPicker itemsPromise={getTags()} />
</Suspense>
```
```tsx
"use client";
import { use } from "react";
export function TagPicker({ itemsPromise }: { itemsPromise: Promise<Tag[]> }) {
const items = use(itemsPromise);
// render interactive UI from items
}
```
The opinionated bit: name promise props with a `Promise` suffix (`itemsPromise`, `userPromise`) so the contract is obvious at the call site.
### Client data libraries (SWR, TanStack Query)
Follow `references/single-page-applications.md` when a feature uses a browser data cache or needs externally authored updates. It covers when to use a library, where its files live, server seeding, Cache Components coordination, hydration, and mutations.
## Mutations
For client-side reactions to a server mutation (instant feedback, pending state, success/error toasts), see `references/ux-patterns.md`. To cache rendered output across requests, see `references/cache-components.md`.

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# Reference app: next-beats
A working app that follows this architecture: **<https://github.com/vercel-labs/next-beats>** (Next.js 16, `cacheComponents` + `partialPrefetching`, a music player). Use it to see any invariant in real code rather than restating the code here. Paths are as of this writing — verify against the current repo.
For the reasoning behind this architecture, read [Component Architecture for React Server Components](https://aurorascharff.no/posts/component-architecture-for-react-server-components/). The skill's target is the same shape: pages describe layout and loading; feature components own server reads; route params become IDs before they reach components.
## Invariant → where to see it
| Invariant | File(s) |
| --------- | ------- |
| 1. Pages compose, never fetch | `app/(app)/search/page.tsx`, `app/(app)/genre/[genre]/page.tsx` — import feature components, place `<Suspense>`, no queries. |
| 2. Pages stay synchronous (`params.then` / `searchParams.then`) | `app/(app)/track/[id]/page.tsx`, `app/(app)/genre/[genre]/page.tsx`, `app/(app)/search/page.tsx`. |
| 3. Feature components receive IDs, not route props | Track/genre pages resolve `params` / `searchParams` and pass `id`, `genre`, or parsed values into feature components. |
| 4. Async server component default; `'use client'` on leaves | Server: `features/track/components/discover.tsx`, `most-played.tsx`. Client leaves: `features/track/components/track-interactions.tsx`, `play-button.tsx`. |
| 5. Page owns Suspense; feature owns skeleton | Pages place the boundary (e.g. `app/(app)/genre/[genre]/page.tsx`); features export the skeleton (below). |
| 6. Skeleton in the same file, at the end | `features/track/components/track-row.tsx` (`TrackRow``TrackListSkeleton`), `features/genre/components/genre-card.tsx`. |
| 7. `<domain>-queries.ts` (`server-only`) / `<domain>-actions.ts` (`'use server'`) | `features/track/track-queries.ts`, `features/playlist/playlist-actions.ts`. |
| 8. One folder per domain; sub-concepts folded in | `toggleFavorite` in `features/track/track-actions.ts` (no `favorite` folder); `searchTracks` in `features/track/track-queries.ts` (no `search` folder). |
| 9. Client components import actions directly | `features/track/components/track-interactions.tsx` imports `toggleFavorite` directly. |
## Supporting patterns
| Pattern | File |
| ------- | ---- |
| Error boundary on `catchError` (`ErrorInfo` `retry`) | `components/ui/error-boundary.tsx` |
| `useOptimistic` for an unlikely-to-fail toggle | `features/track/components/track-interactions.tsx` |
| Action-prop / `*Action` convention + confirm dialog | `features/playlist/components/playlist-interactions.tsx`, `components/ui/confirm-dialog.tsx` |
| `useFormStatus` submit button | `components/ui/button.tsx` |
| `useActionState` inline field errors | `features/user/components/sign-in-form.tsx` |
| Client-owned live data via a provider (not `<Poller>`) | `providers/player-provider.tsx``components/now-playing-bar.tsx` |
| `use()` on an unresolved promise prop | `features/playlist/components/add-to-playlist-menu.tsx` |
| Purpose-named `components/scripts/` subfolder | `components/scripts/` |
> The repo is a live app, not a golden reference — spots may drift from the invariants (a page may fetch inline, a route `error.tsx` may lag an API rename). When the app and the invariants disagree, the invariants win; treat the mismatch as a fix for the app.

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# Feature folders
How to organize code under `features/` and `app/`.
## Folder layout
```
features/<domain>/
<domain>-cache.ts # Pure server tags + client query keys, when shared
<domain>-queries.ts # Server-only queries
<domain>-actions.ts # Server actions
<domain>-query-options.ts # Client data-library query definitions, when needed
components/ # Server + client components, each with its skeleton
types/ # Feature-local public types, when needed by multiple files
hooks/ # Actual feature-local React hooks and hook wrappers
providers/ # Feature-local providers, only when the provider belongs to this domain
```
The folder name **is** the domain. The query and action filenames match the folder.
## How many features?
Keep the feature list short. One folder per **domain noun a user would recognize**, not per database table or technical concern.
A new folder is justified when **all three** are true:
1. The concept has its own queries.
2. The concept has its own pages or routes.
3. The concept is referenced from at least two other features.
If you find yourself making a feature folder with one query, one action, and one button, fold it into the parent feature instead.
### Merge aggressively
Concepts that exist only in service of a parent entity belong inside the parent's feature folder:
- A `favorite` or `bookmark` concept that only attaches to one parent entity (events, posts) → inside that parent's folder.
- A `like`, `repost`, `vote`, or `reaction` concept on a piece of content → with that content's feature.
- `auth` / `session` / `current user` → a single `user` folder, not split.
- A cross-cutting concern like `search` folds into the primary content feature it queries (`searchTracks` in `features/track/`), not a `features/search/` folder — the page composes it.
Concrete example: `toggleFavorite` is a mutation about events ("I favorite an event"), not its own domain. It lives in `features/event/event-actions.ts`, not `features/favorite/favorite-actions.ts`.
## File naming
Filenames inside the folder always start with the folder name:
```
features/event/
event-queries.ts
event-actions.ts
components/
event-grid.tsx
event-details.tsx
favorite-button.tsx ← OK: a component, not a "favorite" feature
```
- `<folder>-queries.ts` — even if the file has only one query.
- `<folder>-actions.ts` — even if a mutation is about a sub-concept.
- Other `<folder>-*.ts` files are fine when the folder needs them (`playlist-constants.ts`, `<folder>-schema.ts`), as long as they keep the folder-name prefix. Don't put reusable domain types in a root `*-types.ts` file; use `features/<domain>/types/` once a type is imported by multiple files.
- Component files use any descriptive name. The component (not the feature) is the unit here.
## Local vs shared support folders
Use a local support folder when the code belongs to one feature:
```
features/message/
message-cache.ts
message-query-options.ts
types/
message.ts
hooks/
use-message-mutations.ts
use-message-draft.ts
providers/
message-draft-provider.tsx
```
Feature-owned client coordination stays with the feature. Place each file by the shape it exports and the domain it belongs to:
- Client data-library cache contracts and query definitions follow `references/single-page-applications.md`.
- Mutation wrappers that export hooks live in `hooks/use-*.ts` (`use-message-mutations.ts` exporting `useSendMessage`).
- Browser-only state helpers live in `hooks/` when their public API is a hook (`use-thread.ts`, `use-message-draft.ts`).
- Client leaf components that coordinate a server write live in `components/` next to the UI they support (`mark-activity-read.tsx` posts read activity in the background while the current `/activity` tree stays stable).
Keep the file prefix aligned with the feature folder when a file exports a grouped feature contract (`workspace-cache.ts` and `workspace-query-options.ts`, not `activity-cache.ts` in `features/workspace/`). Support code for a sub-concept still lives with the parent feature: reactions on messages belong in `features/message/`; unread activity chrome belongs in `features/workspace/`.
Promote only when there are real cross-feature consumers:
- `types/` at the project root — shared domain/application types imported across features.
- `hooks/` at the project root — shared client hooks used across features.
- `app/providers.tsx` or `components/*-provider.tsx` — app-shell providers that wrap the whole app.
Avoid root-level miscellany like `message-types.ts`, `shared-hooks.ts`, or `common-provider.tsx`; the folder name should explain the scope.
## What goes in `components/`
Each component file exports the main component **plus its skeleton**:
```tsx
// features/event/components/event-grid.tsx
export async function EventGrid(...) { ... }
export function EventGridSkeleton() { ... }
```
Group related components in one file when they're always used together or one is a natural building block for another. A card and its grid live together. For example, `genre-card.tsx` exports `GenrePill`, `GenreCard`, `GenreGrid`, `GenreGridSkeleton`.
Split into separate files only when:
- A component is consumed by multiple sibling components (one shared use is not enough — wait until three call sites need it).
- A component is `'use client'` and a sibling is a server component (the server/client boundary forbids sharing a file).
See `references/components.md` for inlining rules and the skeleton design checklist.
## What pages do
Pages in `app/` compose feature components with Suspense and transition wrappers. They never:
- Contain domain logic
- Define new components except thin transition wrappers (e.g. `<ViewTransition>`)
- Fetch data directly
- Inline route-specific components — extract them into the feature folder
See `references/pages-suspense.md` for page composition details.
## Top-level layout
```
app/ # Pages and layouts
features/ # Domain folders
components/ # UI primitives, theme, and app-shell singletons
hooks/ # Shared client hooks used across features
types/ # Shared cross-feature types only
lib/ # Utilities and cohesive non-domain subsystems
```
`lib/` holds flat helpers (`db.ts`, `utils.ts`) but may also group a cohesive non-domain subsystem in its own subfolder (e.g. `lib/audio/` for an audio engine). Cross-feature client hooks live in top-level `hooks/`; a hook used by a single feature co-locates in that feature's `hooks/`. Types follow the same rule: shared types at top-level `types/`, feature-only exported types in `features/<domain>/types/`.
`components/` holds:
- **`components/ui/`** — primitives. Low-level building blocks and action-prop components.
- **`components/theme/`** — theme provider and toggle, paired.
- **Top-level files** (`site-header.tsx`, `auth-gate.tsx`, `poller.tsx`) — app-shell singletons used once each. No `common/` folder — "common" is not a category. If a component is used everywhere it's a primitive (→ `ui/`); if it's used once it lives at the top level.
- **Purpose-named subfolders** are fine when several files share a clear technical role — e.g. `components/scripts/` for pre-hydration inline `<script>` seed components. This is distinct from the rejected `common/`: a `scripts/` folder names _what the files are_, not "miscellaneous."
Conventions for filenames and casing live in the project's `AGENTS.md`. This skill doesn't impose one.

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# Pages and Suspense
How to compose pages, place Suspense boundaries, and prevent layout shift.
## Pages are composition only
Pages in `app/` import feature components and place `<Suspense>` boundaries. They never:
- Fetch data directly (queries live in feature folders)
- Define new components except thin transition wrappers (e.g. `<ViewTransition>`)
- Inline route-specific UI (extract it into the feature folder)
- Pass raw `params` / `searchParams` to features
## Page function signatures
Type page and layout functions with the auto-generated `PageProps<'/route'>` / `LayoutProps<'/route'>` helpers — no import, regenerated on `next dev` / `next build` / `next typegen`. See [route type helpers](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/typescript#route-type-helpers).
```tsx
export default function PostPage({ params }: PageProps<'/post/[id]'>) { /* ... */ }
```
Don't hand-write `{ params: Promise<{ id: string }> }` — the generated types stay in sync with the route (catch-all, optional segments). Route handlers use `RouteContext<'/api/...'>`. `typedRoutes: true` is a *separate* feature (statically-typed `href`s), not the source of these helpers.
## Keep pages synchronous
Use `params.then()` instead of `await params`. Content above the `.then()` pre-renders into the static shell; content inside it suspends.
```tsx
import { Suspense } from 'react';
import { PostDetail, PostDetailSkeleton } from '@/features/post/components/post-detail';
export default function PostPage({ params }: PageProps<'/post/[id]'>) {
return (
<div>
<h1>Post</h1>
<Suspense fallback={<PostDetailSkeleton />}>
{params.then(({ id }) => (
<PostDetail id={id} />
))}
</Suspense>
</div>
);
}
```
The `<h1>` sits **above** the `params.then()` so it paints instantly. The `Suspense` fallback covers only the dynamic section.
Resolve route props to plain values at this boundary. Feature components receive `id`, `slug`, `query`, or parsed filter values — not `params`, `searchParams`, or unresolved server promises.
### Implicit return inside `.then()`
Use an implicit-return arrow function when the callback just renders JSX — e.g. `({ id }) => <PostDetail id={id} />`. Only switch to a block body with `return` when you need to do work first (destructure with defaults, parse a `searchParams` value, branch on a condition). This keeps the JSX-in-page shape readable and matches how the resolved tree will look.
### `searchParams` and combined params
```tsx
// searchParams only
export default function SearchPage({ searchParams }: PageProps<'/search'>) {
return searchParams.then(sp => {
const q = typeof sp.q === 'string' ? sp.q : '';
return q ? <SearchResults query={q} /> : <EmptyState />;
});
}
// Both params and searchParams
export default function ProfilePage({ params, searchParams }: PageProps<'/u/[handle]'>) {
return Promise.all([params, searchParams]).then(([{ handle }, sp]) => (
<ProfileFeed handle={handle} tab={parseTab(sp.tab)} />
));
}
```
### Metadata, static params, and `notFound()`
- [`generateMetadata`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata) runs before render, so `await params` is fine there — it's a separate async function, not the page body, so it doesn't make the page dynamic.
- Export [`generateStaticParams`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-static-params) from a `[slug]` page/layout to pre-build a known set of slugs; with `cacheComponents` + `'use cache'` they land in the static shell. It does **not** change the page signature — `params` is still a Promise, still consumed with `params.then()`.
- A query that can't find its resource calls [`notFound()`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/not-found), which bubbles to the nearest [`not-found.tsx`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/not-found). Don't try/catch it — use [`unstable_rethrow`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_rethrow) if you must catch nearby.
## The page owns the Suspense boundary
The feature exports the async component **and** its skeleton. The page imports both and places the boundary. Don't pre-wrap inside the feature — that hides the boundary and prevents grouping siblings.
```tsx
// features/post/components/post-detail.tsx
export async function PostDetail({ id }: { id: string }) { ... }
export function PostDetailSkeleton() { ... }
```
```tsx
// app/post/[id]/page.tsx
<Suspense fallback={<PostDetailSkeleton />}>
{params.then(({ id }) => (
<>
<PostDetail id={id} />
<ErrorBoundary title="Replies didn't load">
<Suspense fallback={<RepliesSkeleton />}>
<Replies postId={id} />
</Suspense>
</ErrorBoundary>
</>
))}
</Suspense>
```
If a page uses a transition wrapper (e.g. `<ViewTransition>`), place it in the page next to the `<Suspense>` boundary. Feature components render content and skeletons, not transition wrappers.
## Audit smells
When auditing an existing app, flag and fix these first:
- `export default async function Page(...)` that only awaits `params`, `searchParams`, or page-level queries.
- `import { getSomething } from '@/features/.../*-queries'` inside `app/**/page.tsx` or `layout.tsx`.
- Feature components whose props are `params`, `searchParams`, or a route-shaped object.
- Page-local components like `HomeContent`, `PostShell`, or `ResultsSection` that only exist to fetch data or group a Suspense fallback.
- `<Suspense>` inside feature components that prevents the page from grouping reveal behavior.
## Don't create page-local wrapper components
Avoid components whose only job is to group boundary content, like `HomeLists` or `HomeListsSkeleton`. Keep the resolved JSX and fallback JSX **inline in the page** so the loading shape, headings, and grouped reveal behavior are visible at the boundary.
```tsx
// Wrong — hides the structure behind a wrapper
<Suspense fallback={<HomeListsSkeleton />}>
<HomeLists searchParams={searchParams} />
</Suspense>
```
```tsx
// Right — structure visible at the page level
<Suspense
fallback={
<>
<FeaturedSkeleton />
<RecentSkeleton />
</>
}
>
{searchParams.then(sp => (
<>
<Featured filter={sp.filter} />
<Recent filter={sp.filter} />
</>
))}
</Suspense>
```
The same applies to feature-level skeleton aliases. If a variant only passes props to a base skeleton, import the base skeleton and pass those props inline in `fallback={...}`.
## Suspense boundary placement rules
1. **First section gets its own Suspense** with a known-height skeleton fallback.
2. **Section headings stay outside Suspense** when their final position is stable.
3. **Variable-height sections: group everything below them** in the same Suspense, including any headings that would otherwise paint in the wrong vertical position.
4. **Fixed-height sections: own boundary is safe.**
5. **Variable-length lists: show 25 skeleton items**, not the real count.
6. **Inner Suspense content stays out of the outer skeleton.** Each boundary owns its own.
7. **Never `fallback={null}` for visible UI.** If a boundary covers UI, give it a real shaped fallback, or group it with a sibling boundary that already has the correct fallback.
8. **If the top section's final height is unknown, group the following sections** in the same boundary so they reveal together and don't jump underneath.
## Error boundaries
Wrap fallible sections in a Next.js-aware error boundary so one failure doesn't take down the page. Build it on [`catchError`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/catchError) from `next/error` (its `ErrorInfo` gives you a `retry()` that re-fetches server data) — it understands Next's control-flow throws (`notFound()`, `redirect()`, `unauthorized()`, `forbidden()`) and won't swallow them. Place the boundary around the suspending section, in the page:
```tsx
<ErrorBoundary title="Replies didn't load">
<Suspense fallback={<RepliesSkeleton />}>
<Replies postId={id} />
</Suspense>
</ErrorBoundary>
```
Why not plain `react-error-boundary`? It catches Next's framework throws (so `notFound()` never reaches `not-found.tsx`), and its reset doesn't re-fetch server data. Background: [Error Handling in Next.js with catchError](https://aurorascharff.no/posts/error-handling-in-nextjs-with-catch-error/).
Pair component-level boundaries with route-segment [`error.tsx`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/error) for unrecoverable errors; it also receives a `retry` callback.
## Layout-level Suspense
Layouts compose feature components the same way pages do. Use `<Suspense>` for slots that fetch data (auth badge, sidebar):
```tsx
export default function RootLayout({ children }: LayoutProps<'/'>) {
return (
<html>
<body>
<Suspense>
<AuthGate userPromise={getCurrentUser()} />
</Suspense>
<main>{children}</main>
</body>
</html>
);
}
```
`AuthGate` is a client component that resolves the promise with `use()` so the dialog can render conditionally without server-side branching.
## CLS prevention
Layout shift happens when:
- A skeleton is shorter than the real content
- A heading sits inside a Suspense boundary whose final height is unknown — it paints in the wrong place, then jumps
- A variable-length list streams in without a fallback that reserves space
Fixes:
- Match skeleton height to the typical real content height.
- Move headings **outside** boundaries when their position depends on data above them.
- For unknown-height top sections, group everything below in one boundary so siblings stream together.
To audit CLS, use React DevTools' Suspense panel to pin each boundary in its loading state and check vertical positions.
## Runtime prefetch for high-value routes
With `cacheComponents` + [`partialPrefetching`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/partialPrefetching) enabled, a visible `<Link>` prefetches the destination's shared [App Shell](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/glossary#app-shell) — enough to commit navigation instantly, with link-specific content streaming after. The default (`'auto'`) already does this; don't write `prefetch = 'auto'`.
Use `<Link prefetch={true}>` on high-value links to also resolve the destination's per-link runtime data (`params`, `searchParams`, the full URL) before the click. Each such link can wake the server for a runtime prerender, so reserve it for routes users predictably visit next. See [runtime prefetching](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/runtime-prefetching).
Can't enable `partialPrefetching` app-wide yet? Opt in per route with `export const prefetch = 'partial'` on the destination, then drop the per-route exports once the global flag is on — see [Adopting Partial Prefetching](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/adopting-partial-prefetching) for the incremental path and [prefetch config](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route-segment-config/prefetch) for the options. To validate navigation feels instant, see the [`instant` config](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route-segment-config/instant) and [Instant Navigation guide](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/instant-navigation).
## Never wrap the entire page in a Suspense fallback
Page chrome (header, nav, surrounding layout) should paint instantly. Only data-dependent sections suspend. If you find yourself wrapping `<div>` and everything in it with `<Suspense fallback={<FullPageSkeleton />}>`, restructure: pull static elements out, narrow the boundary to just the dynamic part.

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# Queries and actions
The data layer. Every feature has both: queries to read, actions to write.
This page covers the universal data layer that applies to every Next.js App Router app. When `cacheComponents: true` is enabled, follow `references/cache-components.md`: reusable reads are cached/tagged/lifetimed, and mutations update matching tags.
## Cache identities
When a server read also seeds a browser data cache, follow `references/single-page-applications.md` for the feature-local cache contract and client-library placement.
## Queries
Create `features/<domain>/<domain>-queries.ts`. Mark it `import 'server-only'` — that's the invariant. Default to plain async exports.
```ts
import 'server-only';
export async function getFeed(userId: string) {
return db.post.findMany({ where: { userId } });
}
```
Use [`cache()`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) from React only for **request-level deduplication** when the same dynamic query is called multiple times with the same arguments in one render. Highest-value cases: a session/user lookup used by many queries, or a shared expensive read used by metadata + page sections. Don't wrap every query "just in case" — it adds indirection and can hide when data is intentionally dynamic.
`cache()` dedups within a request; `'use cache'` + `cacheTag` (Cache Components) shares results *across* requests. Don't add React `cache()` to a function only because it already uses `'use cache'`; that is double-caching unless you have a separate, proven same-request duplication problem. See `references/cache-components.md`.
## Actions
Create `features/<domain>/<domain>-actions.ts`. Mark with `'use server'` at the top. Always:
1. Verify auth.
2. Validate input with your schema validator.
3. Run the mutation.
4. Invalidate cached data so the next render sees the new state.
5. Return a result (`{ ok }` or `{ error }`).
```tsx
'use server';
import { refresh } from 'next/cache';
export async function createPost(formData: FormData) {
const user = await verifyUser();
const parsed = schema.safeParse({ body: formData.get('body') });
if (!parsed.success) {
return { ok: false as const, error: parsed.error.issues[0].message };
}
await db.post.create({ data: { body: parsed.data.body, userId: user.id } });
refresh();
return { ok: true as const };
}
```
[`refresh()`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/refresh) re-renders the current route for the current user. Use it when the affected read is deliberately dynamic and has no tag. With Cache Components enabled, reusable reads should have matching `cacheTag()` calls, so server actions normally call `updateTag()` for read-your-own-writes. See `references/cache-components.md`.
### Action file naming
Actions for a feature always go in `<folder>-actions.ts`, matching the folder name — even when the mutation operates on a sub-concept. `toggleFavorite` in `features/event/` lives in `event-actions.ts`, not `favorite-actions.ts`. The folder is the source of truth for the name.
## Calling actions from client components
Client components import server actions directly. **Don't** pass an action as a prop just to call it:
```tsx
// Right
'use client';
import { likePost } from '@/features/post/post-actions';
export function LikeButton({ postId }: { postId: string }) {
return <button onClick={() => likePost(postId)}>Like</button>;
}
```
```tsx
// Wrong — adds indirection with no benefit
async function Post({ id }: { id: string }) {
return <LikeButton postId={id} onLike={likePost} />;
}
```
Design components (`<BottomNav>`, `<ToggleGroup>`, `<SubmitButton>`) take this further with the **action-prop pattern**`action` is a callback wrapped in `useTransition` / `useOptimistic` internally. See `references/ux-patterns.md`.
## Form actions vs onClick handlers
Prefer [`<form action={serverAction}>`](https://react.dev/reference/react-dom/components/form#action) for form mutations — React wraps the call in a transition and surfaces pending state automatically.
For one-off buttons, `onClick={() => action(args)}` is fine. Wrap in [`startTransition`](https://react.dev/reference/react/startTransition) if you need pending state.
## Return shape
Return a discriminated union from actions that can fail:
```tsx
export type ActionResult<T = void> = { ok: true; data?: T } | { ok: false; error: string };
```
Toast on `ok: false` from the client. Skip success toasts when an optimistic UI already shows the result.
A shared `ActionResult<T>` is optional — a per-action inline union is just as good, and often clearer when the payload has a natural name: `return { ok: true as const, playlist }` reads better than a generic `data`. What matters is that fallible actions return a discriminated union the client can narrow on, not that every action shares one type.
## Mappers and domain types
If your DB rows have shapes you don't want to leak to components (extra columns, ORM-specific types), write a mapper inside the query:
```ts
export async function getPost(id: string) {
const row = await db.post.findUnique({ where: { id }, include: { author: true } });
if (!row) notFound();
return toPost(row);
}
function toPost(row: PostRow & { author: UserRow }): Post {
return { id: row.id, body: row.body, author: row.author.handle };
}
```
Components see `Post`, not the ORM row. If that type is imported by multiple files in the feature, put it under `features/<domain>/types/` (for example `features/post/types/post.ts`). Promote it to top-level `types/` only when multiple features import it.

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# Single-page application patterns
Use this reference when a feature adds SWR, TanStack Query, or another browser data cache. For complete library APIs and runnable examples, follow the [Single-page applications guide](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/single-page-applications).
## Decide whether a client cache is needed
Use a client data library when the browser needs revalidation, optimistic mutations, request deduplication, or shared live data. If a Client Component only reads server data once, pass a Promise from its Server Component and unwrap it with `use()` instead.
## Keep ownership with the feature
```text
features/<domain>/
<domain>-cache.ts # Pure server tags + client keys
<domain>-queries.ts # Server reads and cacheLife
<domain>-query-options.ts # Client fetcher/query options
hooks/use-*.ts # Client mutations and coordination
components/ # Async server owner + client leaves
```
The cache contract imports neither Next.js nor the client library. Queries, actions, route handlers, hydration code, query options, and hooks import identities from it. This prevents a key or tag spelling from drifting between a read and its invalidation.
Keep behavior in the layer that owns it:
- Server `cacheLife`, `cacheTag`, and database reads belong in `<domain>-queries.ts`.
- Browser freshness and refetch behavior belong in `<domain>-query-options.ts` or the SWR hook.
- Optimistic mutation behavior belongs in `hooks/use-*.ts`.
- Tiny effect-only or interactive leaves belong in `components/`.
## Seed from the server
The async feature component owns the initial read and the library's hydration provider. The page remains a synchronous composition surface and owns the feature's Suspense boundary.
- With SWR, seed the exact key read by `useSWR`. Use `preload` with `cacheData` when later `mutate(key)` calls must update the seeded entry itself.
- With TanStack Query, seed the same query key read by the client query and render the client subtree inside `HydrationBoundary`.
Do not move the initial read to the browser just because the feature also has a client cache.
## Coordinate Cache Components
The server cache and browser cache have independent freshness policies. Do not mirror `cacheLife` into `staleTime`, polling intervals, or SWR revalidation settings. Coordinate identities and invalidation, not durations.
For tag-driven data, a mutation updates the client cache for immediate feedback and invalidates the same server tag used by the seeded read. For a time-driven server read, choose its `cacheLife` from the server data's freshness requirement.
TanStack Query hydration adds one coupling: the hydration timestamp must advance whenever the seeded data advances. For tag-driven reads, cache the timestamp with the same tags as the data. For time-driven reads, derive the data and timestamp from the same cached snapshot. Do not cache a `QueryClient` or dehydrated payload.
## Mutate without drift
Let the client library own the optimistic browser update, rollback, and authoritative response. Let the write invalidate the server tag only after stored data changes. Do not add polling as a cache-coordination mechanism; add focus revalidation, intervals, SSE, or WebSockets only when the product actually needs external updates to appear automatically.

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# UX patterns
Interaction decisions on top of the architecture: which feedback mechanism to reach for, and the boundary edge-cases that trip agents up. Hook mechanics live in the React / Next docs — linked, not restated. The deeper end-to-end picture is the [Building interactive apps guide](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/guides/interactive-apps).
## Choose the feedback mechanism
| Situation | Reach for | Key rule |
| --------- | --------- | -------- |
| Mutation unlikely to fail (favorite, vote, follow) | [`useOptimistic`](https://react.dev/reference/react/useOptimistic) | Update immediately, roll back on throw. Set it inside a transition; inside `<form action>` React opens the transition for you. Use a reducer for counters. |
| No optimistic fit (filters, sort, navigation) | [`useTransition`](https://react.dev/reference/react/useTransition) + `data-pending` | Put `data-pending` on the pending node; let ancestors react with CSS (`has-data-pending:` for a direct parent, `group-has-data-pending:` further up) so it bubbles without prop drilling. |
| Form field validation ("fix this field") | [`useActionState`](https://react.dev/reference/react/useActionState) | Action returns `{ error }`; render inline with `aria-invalid` + `role="alert"`. |
| Submit disable + spinner | [`useFormStatus`](https://react.dev/reference/react-dom/hooks/useFormStatus) | Call it from a child of `<form>`, not the form component itself. |
| One-shot result with no visible change | toast | See below. |
`useOptimistic(false)` also works as a transition-scoped **pending flag** that resets automatically when the transition settles — handy when you don't need the `data-pending` bubbling.
## Toasts
- **Toast only on error** when an optimistic UI already shows the result — a success toast next to an optimistic checkmark/removal is double feedback, which is noise.
- **Toast on success** only for non-visible side effects (email sent, link copied, file uploaded).
- **Don't toast for routine navigation** — the page change is the feedback.
- **Don't toast inside a server action.** Toasts are client-side; return a result and toast at the call site.
## View transitions: portaled / floating UI
Portaled elements (toasts, dialogs, popovers, dropdowns, tooltips) flicker during route transitions unless excluded. Apply `viewTransitionName: 'none'` to the portal root. When the portal also needs stacking control (z-index) or has translucent layers (backdrop-blur), give it a *named* transition and neutralize it in CSS instead — `::view-transition-group(name) { animation: none; z-index: … }` can do things `'none'` can't. See the [React View Transitions skill](https://github.com/vercel-labs/agent-skills/tree/main/skills/react-view-transitions).
## Destructive actions (delete / leave / unsubscribe)
Gate behind a confirmation dialog, and mind two edge cases:
- **Don't `redirect()` inside the action.** It throws, which stops the client from toasting or closing the dialog. Return `{ ok: true }` and navigate with `router.push()`.
- **Don't wrap the whole action call in `useTransition`** inside the dialog — with view transitions on, that animates the background UI behind the dialog. Track pending with `useState` / `useOptimistic(false)` and reserve `startTransition` for the post-success navigation only.
## The action-prop pattern
A reusable design component (`<ToggleGroup>`, `<BottomNav>`, `<SubmitButton>`) can take an action-style prop and own the async coordination (optimistic update, pending, dimming) so consumers pass a plain callback. Convention: an `action` / `*Action` prop signals "triggers a mutation this component coordinates," versus a plain `onChange` / `onClick` — renaming between them is a contract change. Not every such prop is transition-wrapped: a destructive `confirmAction` is awaited *without* a transition (see above). Transition-wrapping is the default for optimistic/navigation actions, not a rule tied to the name.
## URL-based pagination
Drive the page number through `searchParams`, render each page as its own `<Suspense>` boundary so pages stream independently, and add "load more" with `<Link scroll={false}>`. See [linking and navigating](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/getting-started/linking-and-navigating).
```tsx
import { Suspense } from 'react';
export function Feed({ page = 1 }: { page?: number }) {
return (
<ul>
{Array.from({ length: page }).map((_, i) => {
const p = i + 1;
return p === 1 ? (
<FeedPage key={p} page={p} />
) : (
<Suspense key={p} fallback={<FeedPageSkeleton />}>
<FeedPage page={p} />
</Suspense>
);
})}
</ul>
);
}
```
The first page can render in the parent boundary; later pages get their own fallbacks so "load more" streams only the newly requested page. If the URL update should preserve scroll, use [`<Link scroll={false}>`](https://preview.nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/components/link).
## Global client state
For truly global client state (audio player, cart, system-reactive theme), wrap a [context provider](https://react.dev/reference/react/createContext) at the root; the provider is `'use client'` but `children` stays server-rendered, and only leaf components read the context. **Don't push server data into it** — server data stays in queries; client state is for ephemeral UI (open menus, playback position, optimistic drafts). See the live-data decision in `references/components.md`.

1
.claude/skills/prototype Symbolic link
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
../../.agents/skills/prototype

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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
../../.agents/skills/vercel-react-best-practices

View File

@@ -1,13 +1,27 @@
node_modules node_modules
.next .next
.git .git
.gitea
.agents .agents
.claude .claude
.mcp.json .mcp.json
# Yalnızca kök dizindeki .md dosyaları (path ayracını geçmez);
# content/rehber/*.md build için gerekli, etkilenmez.
*.md *.md
.env* .env*
!.env.example !.env.example
drizzle/ docs/
# scripts/ build'de kullanılmaz; istisnalar: entrypoint + standalone link
# onarımı + açılış migration runner'ı (drizzle/ da onun için imaja girer)
scripts/*
!scripts/docker-entrypoint.sh
!scripts/standalone-linkleri-onar.sh
!scripts/db-goc.mjs
package-lock.json
skills-lock.json
components.json
eslint.config.mjs
drizzle.config.ts
data/ data/
!data/app.db !data/app.db
!data/yokatlas.db !data/yokatlas.db

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@@ -26,10 +26,54 @@ jobs:
IYZICO_API_KEY=${{ secrets.IYZICO_API_KEY }} IYZICO_API_KEY=${{ secrets.IYZICO_API_KEY }}
IYZICO_SECRET_KEY=${{ secrets.IYZICO_SECRET_KEY }} IYZICO_SECRET_KEY=${{ secrets.IYZICO_SECRET_KEY }}
IYZICO_BASE_URL=${{ secrets.IYZICO_BASE_URL }} IYZICO_BASE_URL=${{ secrets.IYZICO_BASE_URL }}
ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=${{ secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY }} OPENROUTER_API_KEY=${{ secrets.OPENROUTER_API_KEY }}
OPENROUTER_MODEL=${{ secrets.OPENROUTER_MODEL }}
EOF EOF
- name: Build & deploy # BuildKit'te "docker build --memory" YOK SAYILIR (moby/buildkit#1362);
# gerçek sınır ancak buildkitd'yi kendi cgroup'u olan bir container'da
# (buildx docker-container driver) koşturarak konur. Böylece build OOM
# olursa yalnızca builder container'ı ölür — uygulama + Gitea ayakta kalır
# ve adım 35-90 dk sessiz kilitlenme yerine hızlı, görünür hata verir.
#
# Sınırlar container İLK oluşturulduğunda donar; değerleri değiştirmek için
# önce: docker buildx rm sinirli && docker rm -f buildx_buildkit_sinirli0
- name: Sınırlı builder hazırla
run: | run: |
docker compose -p kolaytercih up -d --build --remove-orphans cat > buildkitd.toml <<'EOF'
docker image prune -f [worker.oci]
enabled = true
max-parallelism = 1
EOF
# Act container'ı her koşuda sıfırdan geldiği için client kaydı hep
# yeniden oluşturulur; host'taki buildx_buildkit_sinirli0 container'ı
# (ve build cache'i) varsa bootstrap'ta aynen yeniden kullanılır.
docker buildx create --name sinirli \
--driver docker-container \
--driver-opt memory=2200m \
--driver-opt memory-swap=4200m \
--driver-opt cpu-quota=150000 \
--buildkitd-config ./buildkitd.toml \
2>/dev/null || true
docker buildx inspect sinirli --bootstrap >/dev/null
- name: Build (sınırlı builder)
run: |
docker compose -p kolaytercih build --builder sinirli
# docker-container driver'da imajın daemon'a --load ile düştüğünü doğrula;
# düşmediyse aynı cache'ten yeniden build edip elle yükle.
docker image inspect kolaytercih-app >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
docker buildx build --builder sinirli --load -t kolaytercih-app .
- name: Deploy
run: docker compose -p kolaytercih up -d --no-build --remove-orphans
- name: Temizlik (başarısız build'de de çalışır)
if: always()
run: |
docker image prune -f || true
# sinirli builder'ın cache'ini 4 GB'ta tut (flag adı buildx sürümüne göre değişti)
docker buildx prune --builder sinirli -f --max-used-space 4gb 2>/dev/null || \
docker buildx prune --builder sinirli -f --keep-storage 4gb || true
# eski varsayılan-builder cache artıkları
docker builder prune -f --filter "until=72h" || true

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@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
{ {
"mcpServers": { "mcpServers": {
"rybbit": {
"type": "http",
"url": "https://rybbit.kolaytercih.com/api/mcp"
},
"shadcn": { "shadcn": {
"command": "npx", "command": "npx",
"args": [ "args": [

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@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ Funnel CTA butonlarında ("Listemi oluştur", "Tercihlerimi belirle", giriş/öd
# Meraklısına'daki mermaid şeması mimariyle senkron kalmalı # Meraklısına'daki mermaid şeması mimariyle senkron kalmalı
`/meraklisina` sayfasındaki sihirbaz akış şeması (`src/app/meraklisina/huni-semasi.tsx` içindeki `SEMA` sabiti) ürünün gerçek davranışının belgesidir, dekor değildir. Sihirbaz/listeleme mimarisinde davranış değiştiren her değişiklikte bu şema da aynı PR/commit içinde güncellenmeli: sihirbaz adımlarının sayısı-sırası-içeriği (alan → il → devlet/vakıf), aday havuzu kuralları, 24'lük liste iskeleti (hayal/dengeli/garanti dağılımı), havuz 24'ün altına düşünce filtre gevşetme sırası ve yapay zekânın havuz-dışına-çıkamama kuralı. Şemayı güncellerken çevresindeki unsurları da eşitle: bölümdeki anlatım metni (`src/app/meraklisina/page.tsx`, 4. bölüm), kabın `aria-label`'ı ve figcaption. Şema öğrenci diliyle kalmalı (SQL/prompt/teknik detay yok) ve ürünün risk renk dilini korumalı — kırmızı/sarı/yeşil her zaman metin etiketiyle birlikte, renk tek başına anlam taşımaz. `/meraklisina` sayfasındaki sihirbaz akış şeması (`src/features/pazarlama/components/huni-semasi.tsx` içindeki `SEMA` sabiti) ürünün gerçek davranışının belgesidir, dekor değildir. Sihirbaz/listeleme mimarisinde davranış değiştiren her değişiklikte bu şema da aynı PR/commit içinde güncellenmeli: sihirbaz adımlarının sayısı-sırası-içeriği (alan → il → devlet/vakıf), aday havuzu kuralları, 24'lük liste iskeleti (hayal/dengeli/garanti dağılımı), havuz 24'ün altına düşünce filtre gevşetme sırası ve yapay zekânın havuz-dışına-çıkamama kuralı. Şemayı güncellerken çevresindeki unsurları da eşitle: bölümdeki anlatım metni (`src/features/pazarlama/components/meraklisina-icerik.tsx`, 4. bölüm), kabın `aria-label`'ı ve figcaption. Şema öğrenci diliyle kalmalı (SQL/prompt/teknik detay yok) ve ürünün risk renk dilini korumalı — kırmızı/sarı/yeşil her zaman metin etiketiyle birlikte, renk tek başına anlam taşımaz.
<!-- END:nextjs-agent-rules --> <!-- END:nextjs-agent-rules -->

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@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
FROM node:20-alpine AS base # syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
# pnpm kurulumu FROM node:20-alpine AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable && corepack prepare pnpm@10.8.1 --activate RUN corepack enable && corepack prepare pnpm@10.8.1 --activate
# ── Bağımlılık katmanı ── # ── Bağımlılık katmanı ──
@@ -9,17 +11,36 @@ WORKDIR /app
# better-sqlite3 Alpine'de kaynaktan derleniyor (musl için prebuilt yok) # better-sqlite3 Alpine'de kaynaktan derleniyor (musl için prebuilt yok)
RUN apk add --no-cache python3 make g++ RUN apk add --no-cache python3 make g++
COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml ./ COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml ./
RUN pnpm install --frozen-lockfile # pnpm store cache mount'ta yaşar: lockfile değişse bile inen paketler yeniden inmez
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store \
pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
# ── Derleme katmanı ── # ── Derleme katmanı ──
FROM base AS builder FROM base AS builder
WORKDIR /app WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=deps /app/node_modules ./node_modules COPY --from=deps /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY . . # Build girdileri açık listelenir: docs/, scripts/, CI dosyası değişiklikleri
# bu katmanı invalide edemez. next build'in okuduğu her şey burada:
# content/ (rehber.ts), data/ (db.ts prerender), public/ (opengraph-image).
COPY package.json next.config.ts tsconfig.json postcss.config.mjs ./
COPY scripts/standalone-linkleri-onar.sh ./scripts/
COPY public ./public
COPY data ./data
COPY content ./content
COPY src ./src
ENV NEXT_TELEMETRY_DISABLED=1 ENV NEXT_TELEMETRY_DISABLED=1
# data/ .dockerignore'da; libsql build sırasında file:./data/app.db açabilsin diye boş dizin gerekli # V8 heap sınırı ana süreç + statik üretim worker'larına miras kalır.
RUN mkdir -p data && pnpm build # Turbopack'ın Rust tarafı bu sınırın dışında; onun hedefi next.config.ts'te
# turbopackMemoryLimit ile verilir (BUILD_KAYNAK_KISITLI bloğu).
ENV NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=1024"
ENV BUILD_KAYNAK_KISITLI=1
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=next-cache,target=/app/.next/cache \
pnpm build
# Turbopack, ESM external'ların (@google/genai vb.) kök node_modules symlink'ini
# nft trace'ine yazmıyor; eksik linkler tamamlanmazsa runtime MODULE_NOT_FOUND
# ile düşer. Ayrıntı script'in başındaki açıklamada.
RUN sh scripts/standalone-linkleri-onar.sh .next/standalone
# ── Çalıştırma katmanı ── # ── Çalıştırma katmanı ──
FROM node:20-alpine AS runner FROM node:20-alpine AS runner
@@ -31,20 +52,28 @@ ENV NEXT_TELEMETRY_DISABLED=1
RUN addgroup --system --gid 1001 nodejs && \ RUN addgroup --system --gid 1001 nodejs && \
adduser --system --uid 1001 nextjs adduser --system --uid 1001 nextjs
# Bağımlılıklar # standalone çıktı, file-tracing ile seçilmiş kendi minimal node_modules'unu
COPY --from=deps /app/node_modules ./node_modules # içerir (serverExternalPackages dahil) — tam node_modules kopyalanmaz.
COPY --from=builder /app/.next/standalone ./ COPY --from=builder /app/.next/standalone ./
COPY --from=builder /app/.next/static ./.next/static COPY --from=builder /app/.next/static ./.next/static
COPY --from=builder /app/public ./public COPY --from=builder /app/public ./public
# Trace, data/yokatlas.db'yi de standalone'a koyuyor; runtime'da /app/data
# volume'ü bunu gölgelediği için imajdan atılır (~22M).
RUN rm -rf /app/data
# Seed veritabanları: entrypoint açılışta bunları /app/data volume'üne kopyalar # Seed veritabanları: entrypoint açılışta bunları /app/data volume'üne kopyalar
COPY data/ ./seed/ COPY data/ ./seed/
# Migration'lar: entrypoint açılışta db-goc.mjs ile volume'deki app.db'ye uygular
COPY drizzle ./drizzle
COPY scripts/db-goc.mjs ./scripts/db-goc.mjs
COPY scripts/docker-entrypoint.sh ./docker-entrypoint.sh COPY scripts/docker-entrypoint.sh ./docker-entrypoint.sh
# SQLite veri dizini # SQLite veri dizini + Next'in runtime'da yazdığı image/fetch cache dizini
# (.next'in geri kalanı root'ta kalır; salt-okunur olması sorun değil)
RUN chmod +x /app/docker-entrypoint.sh && \ RUN chmod +x /app/docker-entrypoint.sh && \
mkdir -p /app/data && \ mkdir -p /app/data /app/.next/cache && \
chown -R nextjs:nodejs /app/data /app/seed chown -R nextjs:nodejs /app/data /app/seed /app/.next/cache
USER nextjs USER nextjs

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@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
---
baslik: AİS'te Tercih Nasıl Yapılır, Nasıl Onaylanır? (Son Kontrol Listesi)
aciklama: ÖSYM AİS tercih ekranı adım adım — kod girme, sıralama, "Tercihleri Bildir" onayı ve göndermeden önceki 5 maddelik son kontrol tek şemada.
tarih: 2026-08-05
---
Listeni kurdun; şimdi işin resmî kısmı var: tercihleri ÖSYM'nin sistemine girmek ve **onaylamak**. Her yıl adayların bir kısmı listeyi özenle kurup son adımda takılıyor — tercihler girilir ama bildirilmez, kod yanlış yazılır, değişiklikten sonra yeniden onay unutulur. Bu yazı AİS ekranını adım adım anlatıyor ve göndermeden önceki son kontrol listesini veriyor.
## Nereden, ne zamana kadar?
Tercihler yalnızca iki resmî kanaldan girilir: **ais.osym.gov.tr** ve **ÖSYM Aday İşlemleri mobil uygulaması**. Giriş T.C. kimlik numarası ve aday şifresiyle. 2026'da pencere **29 Temmuz - 10 Ağustos, saat 23.59** ([takvimin tamamı](/rehber/yks-tercih-takvimi-2026)). Son saate bırakma: kapanış akşamı sistem yoğunluğu gerçektir ve 23.59'dan sonra hiçbir işlem alınmaz.
## Adım adım AİS tercih ekranı
```mermaid
%% aria: ÖSYM AİS tercih bildirme akış şeması. Adımlar sırayla: aday şifresiyle AİS'e giriş yapılır, 2026 YKS Tercih ekranıılır, kılavuzdaki program kodları tek tek listeye eklenir, satırlar istek sırasına göre dizilir, ardından son kontrol yapılır. Son kontrolden sonra Tercihleri Bildir butonuna basılır. Kritik doğrulama şudur: ekranda tercihleriniz ÖSYM'ye bildirilmiştir uyarısı görünüyorsa işlem tamamdır ve bu kutu yeşildir; uyarı görünmüyorsa tercihler kaydedilmiş ama bildirilmemiş olabilir, bu durumda tercihlerin geçersiz sayılır ve bu kutu kırmızıdır. Son tarihe kadar listede değişiklik yapılabilir ama her değişiklikten sonra Tercihleri Bildir adımı yeniden yapılmalıdır; bu döngü sarı ile işaretlidir çünkü en sık unutulan adımdır.
%% altyazi: Kaydetmek yetmez — ekranda "bildirilmiştir" uyarısını görmeden sistemden çıkma.
flowchart TD
A("AİS'e gir:<br/>T.C. kimlik + aday şifresi") --> B("2026-YKS Tercih<br/>ekranını aç")
B --> C("Program kodlarını<br/>kılavuzdan tek tek ekle")
C --> D("Satırları İSTEK sırana<br/>göre diz")
D --> E("Son kontrolü yap") --> F("Tercihleri Bildir<br/>butonuna bas")
F --> G{"Ekranda 'Tercihleriniz<br/>ÖSYM'ye bildirilmiştir'<br/>uyarısı var mı?"}
G -- "evet" --> H("İşlem tamam:<br/>ekran görüntüsü al")
G -- "hayır" --> I("Tercihler GEÇERSİZ:<br/>bildirme adımını<br/>tamamla")
H --> J{"Son güne kadar<br/>değişiklik yaptın mı?"}
J -- "evet" --> F
J -- "hayır" --> K("10 Ağustos 23.59'da<br/>liste kilitlenir")
classDef uyari fill:#fef3c7,stroke:#f59e0b,color:#92400e
classDef garanti fill:#d1fae5,stroke:#10b981,color:#065f46
classDef hayal fill:#fee2e2,stroke:#ef4444,color:#991b1b
class E,G,J uyari
class H,K garanti
class I hayal
```
**1) Giriş.** ais.osym.gov.tr adresine T.C. kimlik numaran ve aday şifrenle gir. Şifren yoksa/unuttuysan hemen yenile — bunu son güne bırakmak en gereksiz risk.
**2) Tercih ekranı.**ılan sayfada "2026-YKS Tercih" seçeneğine tıkla.
**3) Kodları ekle.** Her programın kılavuzda ve [tercih robotu](/tercih-robotu) çıktısında görünen bir **program kodu** var. Kodu ekleyince ekranda çıkan program adını ve üniversiteyi kendi listenle karşılaştır — tek rakam farkı seni başka şehre, başka bölüme yazar.
**4) İstek sırana göre diz.** Merkezi yerleştirme listeyi yukarıdan aşağı okur ve seni yerleştirebileceği **en üstteki** satıra yerleştirir ([sistem nasıl çalışır](/rehber/merkezi-yerlestirme-nasil-calisir)). Sıra yerleşme ihtimaline göre değil, *istemene* göre olmalı.
**5) Bildir ve doğrula.** "Tercihleri Bildir" butonuna bas ve ekranda **"2026-YKS Tercihleriniz ÖSYM'ye bildirilmiştir"** uyarısını gör. Bu uyarıyı görmeden kapattığın oturumda tercihlerin kaydedilmiş ama **bildirilmemiş** olabilir — bildirilmeyen tercih geçersizdir. Uyarı ekranının görüntüsünü al, sakla.
**6) Değişiklik yaptıysan yeniden bildir.** Son tarihe kadar listeyi istediğin kadar güncelleyebilirsin; ama her değişiklikten sonra bildirme adımı **yeniden** yapılır. Sistemdeki geçerli liste, en son "bildirilmiştir" uyarısını aldığın listedir.
## Göndermeden önce: 5 maddelik son kontrol
1. **Her satırın koşulunu okudun mu?** Yaş, cinsiyet, sağlık raporu gibi [özel koşullar](/rehber/ozel-kosullu-programlar) ve [başarı sırası şartları](/rehber/siralama-sartlari-2026) sağlanmıyorsa o satır ya boşa gider ya da yerleşsen bile kayıtta yanar.
2. **Üst sıralarda ölü tercih var mı?** Tabanı senden çok iyi programı listenin *sonuna* yazmak satırı çöpe atar ([ölü tercih nedir](/rehber/olu-tercih-nedir)).
3. **Listenin sonu gerçekten garanti mi?** Son 4-6 satır, yerleşirsen kayıt yaptıracağın programlar olmalı ([hayal/dengeli/garanti dağılımı](/rehber/tercih-listesi-nasil-yapilir)).
4. **Kayıt yaptırmayacağın satır var mı?** Varsa sil: oraya yerleşirsen hem yılın gider hem [ek yerleştirmeye](/rehber/ek-yerlestirme-2026) başvuramazsın.
5. **Kodları tek tek doğruladın mı?** Ekrandaki program adı + üniversite + şehir üçlüsünü kendi listenle satır satır karşılaştır.
Listen henüz oturmadıysa önce evreni gör: [tercih robotuna](/tercih-robotu) sıralamanı gir, sıralamana düşen programları hayal/dengeli/garanti dilimleriyle çıkar, sonra AİS'e kodları bu listeden aktar. AİS'te düşünülmez — AİS'e *bitmiş* liste girilir.

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